An Exceptional Leader Lee Cockerell Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

An Exceptional Leader Lee Cockerell - Case Study ExampleDisney World was opened in 1971 inspired by the dreams of Walt Disney who wanted a theme park on the east microscope slide that could supplement the Disney land in California (WDW, 2011). Lee Cockerell founded the Lee Cockrell LLC guild. The follow is a leadership, management and consulting company that specializes in leadership and management training with an emphasis on how to create world-class customer operate through exceptional leadership. The company works on the principle that there are umpteen products and operate in the market which are very similar it is only through the interaction between the employees and the customers that afford the difference and gives the organization the competitive advantage (Horn, 2011). He speaks at various conferences, training people in a very simple down-to-earth style that relates to everyone listening to him. Lee has long experience in the hospitality industry and has worked wi th very many companies all over the world including the Hilton Hotels Corporation, Marriot Hotels, and Resort before conclusion off at the famous Walt Disney Company (Horn, 2011). It is after retiring that he formed his own company in order to share what he has learned all the years in the worlds biggest companies. ...Banks cannot lend them cash because they do not have the experience to run the company and secondly is that they do not have security with which the banks can take in case they fail to repay the loaned money (Awogbenle & Iwuamadi, 2010). This becomes a big challenge and many people often fail to start parentagees because of this problem. Cockrell was also set about with the same problem and this is well explained because of his poor background. He was just a farm boy and he did not have enough money that could attend to him start any business. Though he move to seek for ways he did not get any far because of the same reasons explained above (Cockrell, 2008). mor e people and companies face the same problem at the start but once they are trial they are able to secure funding from other sources such as banks and other financial institutions that help them in the running of the business. The second problem that faced Lee was the lack of managerial skills. Just ilk other entrepreneurs, many of them begin with very little knowledge of how to run a business. They lack the indwelling management skills that are very important in ensuring that people and other resources are managed effectively so as to produce outcomes (Crispen Chipunza, 2011). The result is usually disastrous with many of the businesses closing down because of poor management. many a(prenominal) examples exist in the world today of such business and there are also many examples of people who have failed because of lack of managerial and leadership skills. Lee saw this and decided to pursue a degree in management so that he could understand better how to run a business effective ly.

An evaluation of the primary source that is Mr Nathaniel Bryceson's Essay

An evaluation of the primary source that is Mr Nathaniel Brycesons diary - Essay spokespersonAll these highlighted evil activities were committed feature references to the major landmarks in London. In the same diary, politics at national level are mentioned based on the parliamentary debate context on the corn Laws and the immediate replacement of Sir Robert peel who was the prime minister by Lord John Russell. With references to the even dimensions in the diary, the concept of war Sikhs in India and Britain is reflected at the international level thus portraying the historiography of the Victorian society. In this sense gender, race, and class is well presented in the interactive perspective as noted by Beier, Stone, and Cannadine (324).Friday second January 1846 this morning Mr. George lea accompanied by his wife and Mr. Lloyd began the Barnet. The three went a head to taste diametric puddings in that evening after taking a walk through Westminster Abbey with ditto in accompli shment of his 21st birthday party.Sunday 4th January 1846 this morning Nathaniel went to the coffee house of Tillmans alongside the motor hotel road in Tottenham so as to read the daily news paper. After reading the newspaper, Nathaniel went to hoary bailey to witness the prosecution of browning mother in the following day. After that he walked down the way accompanied with Ann Fox via the bridge of Westminster across the County Goal Lane of Horsemonger to witness preparation of the execution exploit that was to be carried on to Samuel Quennell in the following day.Monday fifth January 1846 after work that evening of Sunday Nathaniel went a head to read his New Year log book proceedings in Soho Crown motor inn to the wife of George Olive in the presence of Ann Fox. Mrs. Olive was well in her good spirit and plain took away Nathaniels waistcoat with a black-roll collar and drab trouser for her common use. It was that morning of 5th January that most of the executions were to be m ade at

International financial markets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

International financial markets - Essay eventBonds and stocks are types of securities, and they are each related to a different set of circumstances that govern the alliance between investor and investee.Financing with stocks and bonds is a delicate matter for a company because it impacts on the bulletproofs assess of return as well as financial risk. Financing through righteousness usually has a higher cost of capital, because equity holders are entitled to a pro-rata share of the profits. Theoretically, therefore, stockholders pass judgment returns have no limit. However, since the stockholders are not entitled to any returns if the company incurs losses, then there is no default risk associated with equity. On the other hand, debt capital entails a cost of interest to the borrower-firm. Interest order associated with long-term debt are lower than the cost of equity to the firm, because debt is contracted at a fixed rate and is therefore limited to that rate, even though th e firm earns much higher rates of income. There is a risk, however, associated with the possibility of default. Even if the firm incurs losses, its obligation to pay interest on its debt is fixed, therefore its inability to go steady with interest payments may incur for it costly penalties.The nature of the firms line of merchandise affects the firms ideal capital structure that is, the proportion of the needed capital it may finance through debt and through equity. The following are examples of industries and their average debt and equity ratios. It may be noted that companies in the same business do not necessarily have the same capital structures. For instance, in the consumer non-cyclical industry, Starbucks is financed entirely by equity, small-arm Kellog relies slightly more on debt financing rather than equity.Raising cash from the bonds market. Large corporations could raise money through the bonds market. The process involves the underwriting of the bonds float by eith er one or several

United States v. Wade Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

unify States v. Wade - Case Study ExampleDuring the trial, Wades legal counsel tried to get an acquittal for their client based upon their belief that the fifth Amendment unspoileds of their client was break as the descent up was done without some(prenominal) legal counsel present to advise the accused of his rights. The courts denied the motion, resulting in the sentence of Wade in the end (n.d., United States v. Wade). This led the defense to file a motion sooner the Supreme Court in order to request that they resolve the issue of allowing courtroom acknowledgments of an accused to be excluded from evidence since the events surrounding the identification process was done without the presence of counsel. The events before the trial at the institutionalise indictment line up was therefore illegally conducted and was violation of his clients Fifth Amendment Rights (n.d., United States v. Wade). They call for that the Supreme Court overturn the decision of the lower court i n the process. The Supreme Court however, did non find any reason to dismiss the case against Wade. It was the opinion of the court that the lack of counsel at the line up proceedings could non be seen as a violation of the accused Fifth Amendment Right against self incrimination. ... That is, provided that the prosecution would be able to support the pretrial line up identification the accused with a solid and valid court identification of the accused as well (n.d., The United State v. Wade). Therefore, it was the opinion of the court that the Fifth Amendment Right to self incrimination was not violated in this case as the line up identification did not show that there was any testimonial or communicative evidence that needed to be suppressed. On the other hand, the Sixth Amendment Right to counsel was violated in the pretrial proceedings since the accused had a right to legal mission during critical stages of the pretrial proceedings, specially during the identification stages. Proper watcher identification can easily be influenced during an investigation due to the nervousness and trauma that the witness had to endure during the incident. Therefore their memory recall of the perpetrators and the events as it unfolded may have a cloud of doubt about it. That is why the police rely on certain variables in order to ensure that the eyewitness accounts are as accurate and court permissible as possible. The key factors relating to the accuracy of witness identification, that can easily offset the suggestiveness and bias of show ups acknowledge (Moses, Misidentification the Caprices of Eye Witness Testimony in Criminal Cases) (1) Perception (2) Memory (3) Communication and (4) Candor. However, these traits are not easily acquired by people and therefore affects the way that a witness gives an account of the things that happened during the incident, thereby make the witness prone to suggestive questioning. Let us remember that perception is created by the e vents as the witness wants to

Answer the questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 15

Answer the questions - Essay ExampleThe story is itself based on Oliver Crisp. Crisp serves as the protagonist in the story and he comes across as a highly enthusiastic explorer. Dubai is considered peerless of the most exotic places in the world which harbors many opportunities for amazing adventures. Kids in Dubai are naturally lean to themes of exploration and adventure to a expectant extent which is why this particular childrens story has amassed great critical acclaim in my culture.The use and implementation of organization development (OD) principles and processes at community and issue levels has drastically risen over the past years in Dubai. This stands true not only in context of Dubai, but application of OD principles is now seen around the globe in community contexts and as well at national levels. The rise of violence in the world has served to challenge the safety and protection of people. In a situation characterized by increased violence, OD principles exercised by experienced professionals serve to increase the scuttle of bringing that expertise which is needed to build more robust communities and plummet down the level of violence. executing of OD principles has played a very influential role in managing even the most unregenerate conflicts in the most professional and cost-saving

Essentials of Managerial Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Essentials of Managerial Finance - Essay ExampleFurthermore, although there is insufficient liquid assets to fulfill put in responsibilities, Functional Profits are in plenty and thusly sufficient to facilitate the debt. In the sheet industry the debtors that owe Southwest airlines are among the worst with 7.75 days worth of unsettled earnings. This suggests that sales bespeak to be dealt with in a more appropriate and effective manner. Last, records appear to be thriving managed as the Inventory Processing Period is characteristic for the business, at 10.08 days. According to Southwest airlines financial statement of returned earnings in 2010, they had earnings of $0.74 per share on 01/20/2011.The liquidity proportionality which is normally the symmetry of the current assets over the current liabilities is used to de depotine whether Southwest airlines can meet their short term financial responsibilities. Their liquidity ratio was 1 meaning their current assets was equal to th eir liabilities. The asset management ratio shows whether the assets of southwestern airlines are being utilized appropriately. Their assert management ratio was 0.8 and hence meaning they were approximately below the safe level of asset management ratio. The debt management ratio which is also commonly know as financial leverage ratio will determine the probability of the stiff going intermit or experiencing financial upheavals in the future. The debt management ratio proved to be at a slap-up level of 58.8. The grocery store value ratio generally looks into the performance of Southwest Airlines in the stock market. Their market value ratio was at 8.99%Financial statements are used by the major shareholders and owners of the firm to be able to make sound decisions regarding investing in corporations and also to be able to see which areas the firm need to be improved. It is also a detailed analysis of the financial health of the corporation and hence investors get a clear view of the fairing of the corporation. Financial statements are also

Business Law and Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Business Law and Ethics - Essay ExampleThe utilitarian ethics is also considered in this wooing. I would act in a manner that favors the greatest number of people. The stakeholders theory as well stockholder theory still go away be analyzed. These are in matters of my duties and obligation to these parties. A rationale is laid down on the action to adopt which affects the biggest number of people. An analysis of the cost expense and utility is down in this case. Further I would assess what other people have through in such situations and look into my rights in law.In light to these, I would blow the whistle on the violations of the inspection protocols of Delectables. A great number of risk and benefits is involved here. The first risk is losing my job since it will entail exposing the organizations bad conduct. The other risk would involve the loss to the company. The company stands at facing a major litigation that would lead to high consumer base loss. This in turn would case r educed turnover. On the contrary, there are benefits that stand in blowing the whistle. These entail the duty owed to the public. The social prospect of honouring and acting in due care is at the core of my decision making process. The risk of the dingy salmonella is too high should the process of violation continue. The harm to the public could be damaging if this behaviour progresses. The factors that I would consider include safety to the public at large, the environmental damage and further the cost benefit analysis. I would not sign the quality control form because the company is in violation of the respectable standards of safety.The root cause of contamination is the hygiene aspect. The protocols laid down have all been violated. The staff wears their furnish at home thereby placing a risk of carrying the bacteria to the production area, the storage of raw peanuts and the roast peanuts risks contamination and further the

Latinos as into the United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Latinos as into the United States - Essay ExampleFactors driving Mexican migration to the United States in 1848-1945 Mexican revolution in 1910 was the push factor that sparked a large exodus of Mexican tars to the southwest though this push coincided with a pull force in United State of economic development (Ornelas, 1999). Economic development in the main in California, Arizona and Texas contributed by extensive irrigation system, elaborate transport system and the demand induced by World War 1 (Ornelas, 1999). Social and economic instability in home land caused Mexican laborers to be attracted in United State where unskilled laborers in southwestern industries were paid even five times better compared to similar industries in the home country (Ornelas, 1999), thus higher wage was the seductive pull force to Mexican. According to Ornelas department of labor in 1914 reported that about 8000 aliens mainly of Mexican had entered United State at Eagle pass, Significant northward mo vement by Mexican laborer began with construction of Mexican railroad connecting United State border towns with Mexico city and greatly increased with bound of construction of rail road in 1980s (Ornelas,1999) this is because rail road provided the most common humour of transport for Mexican migrant.aso automobile transport provided another means of transport to United State (Ornelas,1999). collectable to intensified military operation after the assassination of President Francisco Madero, many people were panic enamored and this lead to expanded dimension of movement across the border and many Mexican ended up in United State (Ornelas, 1999).

ICT Knowledge Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

ICT Knowledge instruction - Essay Example knowledge and Communication technology (ICT) has introduced such technologies which really help managers and employees in the management of relevant knowledge. Companies fecesnot install ICT technologies in good order on their own. Therefore, they hire ICT specializers for the installation of any specific ICT technology. Smith (2011) states, An training and communications technology (ICT) specialist designs, maintains, and services systems used to store, retrieve, and send data. Let us now discuss the role which ICT flowerpot play in knowledge management. In the report, we will consider one of the most effective ICT technologies which helps companies order what data should be collected and converted into knowledge. The ICT technology, which will be discussed in the paper, will be Management and Information system of rules (MIS). We will also discuss the role of ICT in different industries. 2. Role of the ICT Technology ICT plays a c onsiderable role in knowledge management. Management Information System is an example of ICT which helps employees in the management of teaching that is required to run different business activities. Martin (2010) asserts, Management Information Systems, which are practically abbreviated to MIS are a subdivision of internal business controls that usually refer to documents, IT, people and procedures. ... illon (2010) states, The read/write head principle of management information system is to make sure that the flow of correct information is facilitated to the remedy people or parties in an disposal. The key tasks of an efficient Management Information System involve management of business related information, documentation of the collected information, and assisting the management in processing the information. The processing of data into information and communicating the resulting information to the user are the very essence of an MIS (Lucey 2005, p. 4). Management Informat ion System presents the data to the concerned department in the form of a well-documented report consisting of those activities that are needed to be executed by the management of any specific department. The main purpose of using ICT technologies in an presidency is to develop and manage such tools which help managers, decision makers, and other employees of an organization in the processing of information related to different sets of tasks and business operations. ICT is considered an integral part of any organization because it controls all activities regarding businesses of any organization by providing the right information to the right person at right place and at the right time. ICT not only helps companies collect relevant information, rather it is also used to process, analyze, and disseminate the collected information in order to carry out key business processes of an organization. Abel (2008) found that MIS deals with the planning, management, and use of effective inform ation technology tools to help people manage relevant knowledge. Without the use of effective Management Information System, the employees can never properly access or use the information that is required to run

Management (Small bussines & Enterprises) Essay

Management (Small bussines & Enterprises) - Essay Examplethither maintain been a number of researchers who have formulated a link between competitive advantage and temperament traits. Especially in the area of small and medium enterprises, personality traits have reportedly played a significant role in explaining entrepreneurship. There are a number of researchers who want to further touch on the link between personality traits and entrepreneurship in small and medium enterprises, for expanding and validating the study of personality (or psychological) traits near.There have been several of researches which were conducted in the nineteen nineties and also earlier in the eighties. Unfortunately, there were a number of inconsistencies discovered between the empirical findings and theory, which eventually led the researchers in abandoning the personality traits approach in favour of Behavioural approaching which was considered to be more effective at that time. The Environmental Se nsitive Approach was also used during the eighties and nineties, which was partially successful and it also contributed in further abandoning the personality traits approach in the study of SMEs. However, by the turn of the century, personality traits approach for studying entrepreneurship was once again gaining ground, and straightway personality traits study is considered as one of the major schools of thought in better understanding entrepreneurship in the small and medium business environment. Paul Burns (2007, p.8) states Despite the independence criteria, SMEs could still include organisations managed by non-owner-managers. Even so, some of them may be entrepreneurs. We are still, therefore, left with our three groups managers of small firms, owner-managers and entrepreneurs without any legislate delineation. However, it is likely to be true that the smaller the firm, particularly the owner-managed firm, the more important the personality and influence of the

Following WWII Japan again was put into a fundamental Reform and Research Paper

side by side(p) WWII Japan again was put into a fundamental Reform and Renovation mode - Research makeup ExampleThe new Japanese government would be more similar to its occupying counterpart.Major reform of country ownership was instituted. About 6 million acres (almost 40% of Japans arable land) were purchased from the landlords and resold at low prices to the farmers. It razed a power structure that landlords had long dominated. This was one way of permanently changing economic disparities amid classes.Despite instances of mass rape and the re-institutionalization of the Japanese Geisha system, women enjoyed relatively increased civil estimables. They earned the right to vote and engage in roles that were traditionally male dominated. Furthermore, favoring Japanese beliefs and gradual modification and dissolution of the Japan-United States reciprocal Security Assistance Pact, the Clean Government Party attracted many women.During Post-World War II, the victors implemented cha nges in the Japanese constitution, Japanese land, and Japanese women. The occupation and MacArthur Reforms profoundly changed public policy in many areas. These changes aimed at the root of traditional Japanese power, and Japan had changed at a fundamental

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 10

Report - Essay Exampleempts to analyse the challenges facing an organisation interchangeable the United Nations (UN) and the manufacturing / service rail linees represented by the General Motors (GM), Norwich Union (Aviva) and Imperial Tobacco. For the UN, the political conflict challenges, for GM, the faculty and economic challenges, for Aviva, the climate change challenges and for Imperial Tobacco, the socio-political challenges will be analysed and appropriate recommendations will be presented in this report.The UN took its birth in the aftermath of the 2nd World War and is entrusted with the responsibility of maintaining peace and order among nations. However, it is confront with diminishing status eventide as political conflicts and wars rage around the globe. This is a leadership stretch forth in conflict resolution for the UN. For example, while there was world(a) consensus for war on Afghanistan in the featherbrained of the overwhelming evidence, the same was missing in respect of the US war against Iraq. Iraq ignored UN resolutions and Global challenges for business management 2US ignored mainstream European opinion against the Iraq war. The situation is not different even in the case of the on-going conflict between Israel and Hamas in the Gaza region, who ignore UN pleas for ceasefire even the UN relief camp in Gaza is on fire These are only two examples of the many such events. The issues involved in theseconflicts mainly revolve round geo-political interests, cultural and religious differences, dominance of few over many, etc. Conflicts and wars impact businesses adversely and to that extent will make the task of achieving Millennium Development Goals set by the UN, more difficult. authoritative elements of this plan that are to be achieved by 2015 are poverty elimination, universal education, women empowerment, healthcare, disease control, environment sustainability and global partnership for development (UN, Millennium development goals report, 2007). Political conflicts can be also

How effective managers might integrate biblical notions of service Essay

How stiff managers might integrate biblical notions of service into managerial work - Essay ExampleThere be reasons as to why clientele is carried on and also why management is important and how managers should approach channel management in the biblical notion of service and be effective and efficient. According to Cyril and Cross (415), in that respect are several salient basic influences or assumptions that are related to the business discipline. The managers should understand that perfection is compassionate, just, and loving (Matthew 51-729). They should also recognize that graven image is the creator of everything and that all wad and materials all the energy to create, discovering, and using information, and all the capability of creating wealth. The managers essential also consider the fact that people receive gifts from matinee idol in various ways, and people are gifted with opposite skills. Due to the sinful nature of people, the managers must understand that p eople are greedy, prideful, and selfish, and that they have similar set of basic needs for justice, grace, and love provided by God and the new(prenominal) people. This implies that the people may as well be motivated in different ways in their actions to satisfy the needs. Again, people are familiar with two fundamental purposes, that is, the short-term envision and the long-term view (Nell 17-18).In the short-term view, there is no other purpose for people other than procreation, selfish pursuit of their self-interest, and survival. For the long-term view, the people are creations in the image of God, meant to love, please, and serve both God and the other people. The managers should understand that people have the desire of living and working in relationships of other people (West 81). Because of the natural state of God and the work He did, and due to the nature of people and their actions, the Christian business managers take part in the redemptive activity of God by encourag ing and

The Impacts of Technological Innovation on Communication Essay

The Impacts of Technological Innovation on Communication - Essay ExampleNevertheless, in cases where physiologic contact is impossible, an effort of writing a letter nookie be resorted. However, in the latter eras, because of gentlemans gentleman discontent for development, several crafts attain been developed including technology. The rapid innovation on information technology has greatly impacted the way communication cover go. There had been an overwhelming revamp on the communication process especially on the matter of how it is being done. The internet which is a very powerful tool in conveying information is arguably the greatest human invention there is. In schools, business establishments, commercialised televisions, broadcast news centers, hospitals, etc., technology has become a very important tool in put to hasten the communication process and the delivery of data to which they are supposed to be delivered. In fact, in some schools, just deal in South Korea, they are using I.T. application software and programs in order to communicate with 2 English language tutors from the Philippines, United States, and the United Kingdom. In businesses, more appropriately for bigger multi-national companies, especially those that are outsourcing some of their jobs overseas, they use web conferencing tools in order to perform the want task. In addition, social networking sites, electronic mails, video chat, and live conferencing are also available. One of the best things that technology has contributed to communication is its contribution for double-quick and more convenient way of dealing with the transfer of information. What are the advanced impacts of technology to communication? More than just a mere observation, we can all concede that the transmitting of information nowadays, with the aid of information technology, is much more accurate, speedy and convenient as compared to what has been used before. These can be proven by our personal experien ces. Before the telephone or the mobile communication devices have been invented, the transfer of information was very slow. Now, we can hardly communicate awayly by just simply dialling numbers and this is regardless of the distance as long as necessary requirements are met just like the signal and load for mobile phones. In education, a relevant research found out that online word of honor is discovered as an effective tool in developing the students knowledge. This is because of a consolidate conversation or exchanges of idea through a gathering just like the college confidential an online forum for pre-college and college students which intends to discuss different topics related to education, science, and most especially for the admission process. Similarly, with the help of information technology, there is a chance for the people to get in touch with their loved ones who are situated from a remote location. Most of the 3 time, video chats and social networking sites are the players of the game. People can just sit pop up with their computers facing toward them and they can communicate with the people that they want to talk with. What are the drawbacks of information technology on communication? Albeit, we have already conceded that technology is a helpful tool in achieving a faster communication process nevertheless, it has also its own disadvantages. Most of the people who use computers and internet

ITA evaluation report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

ITA evaluation report - Essay ExampleThe views in MVC git be nested. For instance, a control panel of buttons can be implemented as a complex view containing nested button views. The user interface for an objective lens inspector can have nested views that may be re utilise in a debugger. MVC offers support to nested views that have the mingled View class, a subclass of View. Objects in the Composite View perform as View objects a conglomerate view can be applied where a view can be used, but it excessively has the ability to contain and manage nested views. The user can take this as a design that lets them overcompensate a composite view just like we treat one of its components. But the design is used to a more general problem, which occurs whenever we want to group objects and treat the group like an individual object (Bucanek 2009, p.256). This more general design is described by the Composite design pattern. It lets the user create a class hierarchy in which some subclasse s regulate simple objects like Button and other classes define composite objects Composite View that groups the simple objects into more complex objects.MVC also allows the user to transport the elan a view reacts to user input without changing its visual presentation. The user might want to change the way it responds to the keyboard, or set it to use command keys in place of the normal pop-up menu or vice versa. MVC encapsulates the response mechanism in an object known as the Controller object. There is a chain of commands of controllers, so a user can create a new controller as a variation on an existing one.An occurrence of a Controller subclass is used by a View to implement a particular response strategy to implement another dissimilar strategy the user has to replace the occurrence with a diverse type of controller. It is also possible to change a controller of a view at run-time to let the view change the

Ethical Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

good - Essay ExampleFrom basic nursing c are to the advance and scathing nursing practices, to researches and home care system, every procedure to be carried out must be make with utmost understanding of the procedure itself and its implications for both the forbearing and the contain practitioner. Butts and Rich (2012) stated in their script Nursing Ethics Across the Curriculum and Into Practice that Rules and theories matter little without the formation of good quality and believed that nurses are faced with ethical issues every single day. They added that imbibing textbooks ethics serves as a problematic foundation for nurses to develop practical wisdom and virtuous character in practice. Assessment is the initial bill in every nursing procedure therefore it is vital to first determine the nurses understanding of what ethical issue really means. A lot of people misunderstood ethics as mere observance of social norms, religious beliefs or the law instead of it being an imp artial ideal of its own (Paul and Elder, 2006). It may be understood as a moral principle of a ad hoc individual, group, or custom and other author allows its usage to be interchangeable with morality (Deigh, 1995). ... and a move of enactment. There is no absolute right or wrong in responding to ethical dilemmas but the destruction for deciding how to act upon it is based on the basic notion of beneficence and non-maleficence. The knowledge on universal Principles of Nursing Ethics is vital in facing these situations. It is important that nurses are aware of these virtues in erect to be properly guided in decision making. These are beneficence, non-maleficence, respect for autonomy, legal expert, and respect for person. Beneficence is active voice promotion of good while non-maleficence means duty to do no harm. Respect for autonomy is acknowledging the patients rights, values and choices so as respect for person which equates to treating all patients as worthy individual. A nd lastly, justice is the promotion of equity or fairness in every situation a nurse encounters (Barnett, 2003). Ethical issues faced in the nursing practice can be clinical problems relating to patient right and care, professionalism, philosophical, organizational and societal (Bosek, 2009). One of the most common face is conflict between patient autonomy and nurses belief such as denial of blood transfusion for the Jehovas Witness or withdrawal from life sustaining treatment even if it can cause fatal consequences, or tending to post-operative abortion patients that are done not for medical purposes. An example of this was the quandary faced by nurses of University of Medicine & dental medicine of New Jersey when they were directed by the hospital in September 2011 that all nurses are need to assist in pre- and post-operative care of abortion patients (Katarsky, 2011). Clearly this presents ethical battle against the nurses morality especially if they are pro-life or have oppos ing cultural and religious beliefs.

Classical Humanism and Architecture Essay Example for Free

Classical Humanism and computer architecture EssayINTRODUCTION Classical humanism in architecture is a direct reflection of a human quest of self-realization by means of ages. As for the recorded evidences one can go back to the periods of Plato, Zeno, Epicurus or Aristotle the period reigned by definitive philosophers when this quest of know thyself flourished and instituteed itself as a philosophy to woo the future generations. Thus this experiment takes a quick look to expressions of classical humanism through the wonderful architectural remains of Acropolis that contains the signs of developing in architecture too before coming into its own conclusion. Classical Division of Greco-Roman Architecture The period in discussion contains three distinctive division of architecture, viz. , doric, Ionic and Corinthian order. doric could be termed as the mainstream architecture of Greece, which later gave way to Ionic and Corinthian order, where each of them can be place throug h their different finishes at the sections standardised cornice, frieze, architrave, capital, shaft and base.Out of them two manners still co habit in Acropolis Parthenon and Erechtheum, while the third, belonging to Roman era, has two of its bright mannequins in the Temple of the Sybil in Rome or in the Charlotte City Hall (Shulman). Classical Humanism It can be identified as the improvised state of early Greek Humanism (1200-750 B. C. ), when the Greeks had evolved with the concept of argonte (human excellence), where the guiding elements were courage, loyalty, generosity, mercy, dignity, decency, honor, stoicism and enduringness (Sunami, 2004).Gradually the motion picture of these elements as virtues took shape in architectural details besides other modes of expressions like drama, painting or writing, where a realistic approach dominated the proceedings. It is because of that the human-centered sculptures done by them or the details in their architecture attempts to create near-perfect depiction of figures. Parthenon In spite of its present dilapidated state, Parthenon (447-432 B. C.), the house of Greek goddess Athena Perthenos (the Virgin Athena) is easily the best example of both Doric architecture and Humanism, where its dim-witted columns and the detailed human figures would reflect a plain living and high thinking philosophy.In fact, the Doric architecture relied much on the solidity rather than frills, which is evident in its many expressions, like the shafts of its boilers suit 46 columns or their capitals and friezes besides cornices.As for humanism, it contained many figures, and especially the metops (relief-works), which were altogether 92 in number, fan out all around to depict the series of mythological events or the successful war ventures of the people of Athens. The near-accurate depiction of various muscuto-skeletal states of humans speaks of the deep thoughts applied by their creators. Erectheum Thereafter, the fascination with mathematics and geometry of the Greeks belonging to the period cholecalciferol B.C. 30 B. C. , led to their advancement in architecture (Sunami, 2004) while maintaining their idea of humanism. A great example of such an evolution could be seen in Erectheum (421-405 B. C. ), which had replaced Doric architecture by Ionic order, a style developed in Ionia region of Greece. The six Ionic columns of its facade beholding six sculpted figures of maidens with commodious bead and reel and egg and dart moldings (Osborne), corroborates the fact.Corinthian Order Further departure from Doric is notice in Corinthian order of architectural style, where the capitals of its pillars started having flowers and leaves below a small scroll (Shulman), besides tweaking its shafts and cornices to establish a flattened look, altogether indicating evolution in both architecture and philosophy of humanism, where the later express on nature more than before.CONCLUSION The philosophy of humanism or the t rends in architecture are both never-ending subjects, but the wonderful episode of their togetherness in the early era sill serves as intellectual nourishment for thoughts like simplicity is the hallmark of elegance or every instance of human existence is imbed with history, philosophy and nature. Ends Works Cited Shulman, B. R.Classical Orders. Retrieved 20 celestial latitude 2007, from http//www. cmhpf. org/kids/dictionary/ClassicalOrders. html Sunami, C. 2004. History of Humanism. Retrieved 20 December 2007, from http//kitoba. com/pedia/History+of+Humanism. html Osborne, R. The Erechtheum. Retrieved 20 December 2007, from http//www. jact. org/publications/sample_erechtheum. htm.

Women in Medicine Essay Example for Free

Women in Medicine stressOne of the reasons why there was so much opposition to women becoming vivifys was because society swayed women to bond young and produce children. The thought of women working shocked many as people did non expect their daughters or wives to work for a living. The men believed that it was them who were superior, both physically and mentally. They did not see sense in educating women as they believed that women were too stupid to understand medicine anyway. They assumed that they could not trust these women with patients lives and accept that they would not make silly mistakes which could lead to the death of the patient. Any woman that succeeded in becoming a doctor was still thought of as inferior to the men because they believed she would not be able to understand their composite plant minds.This opposition also could pretend been due to the reputation of nurses in the first half of the nineteenth century. With no sense of schoolmasterism, the n urses were nearly always drunk and dirty which encouraged the men to believe that all women would be the same if they were to enter the world of medicine. Nurses often took up prostitution to earn extra money consequently further disgusting men and making them believe that it was not a sensible idea for a respectable woman to enter the occupation. So even the women who were genuinely interested in becoming professional doctors would have been excluded and labelled under the same category as these nurses. Another reason whitethorn have been that men simply did not like being told what to do by women.If intelligent women were to enter the profession, they may make important discoveries before the men wherefore hurting a mans gazump and ego. Men may have felt threatened by women that they thought were trying to usurp the profession, and wherefore dismissed them as stupid and unprofessional so that they could ensure that it was only them who made great discoveries. Finally, theolog y was an important reason as to why there was opposition from men. The church prohibited women from achieving education and therefore many religious men may have excluded women because they were following the churchs rules and their religion. If they allowed women to receive aesculapian training, they would have been going against the Church which was very powerful in the Middle Ages.

Oil and Non-Oil Economy of the UAE Essay Example for Free

Oil and Non-Oil Economy of the UAE EssayThe general dichotomization of the economy of the United Arab Emirates is into the petroleum and non- crude areas. turn the aggregate awayput remains dependent on oil labor, the United Arab Emirates is focusing on the maturement of its non-oil domain as part of its diversification plan. However, its ability to develop fully its non-oil sector depends on the mathematical operation of its oil sector. One consideration is the relative contribution of the oil and non-oil sectors to the economy. The another(prenominal) consideration is the ability to the oil-sector to funding the diversification plan in the non-oil sector. Abed and Hellyer (2001) explained that in 1998 the production of crude oil accounted for less than a quarter or 22 percent of gross domestic product. However, even if the contribution of crude oil production to aggregate output is less than a quarter, the impact of the sector on the economy is more than bigger. Oil exports contributed 37 percent of earnings in foreign exchange and 60 percent of commonplace sector tax. The oil sector contributes to the aggregate economy in four fronts, which are business investment, syndicate income and consumption, public spending, and net exports.This substantiates the claim that the oil sector comprises the backbone of the UAE economy. Further growth occurred in the oil sector in 2006 with the Ministry of Information and Culture (2006) reporting that the oil and gas sector contributed 28 percent to aggregate output. Concurrently, there is also growth in the non-oil sector, particularly in manufacturing and financial sectors. The UAE Federal governing (2008) further reported that oil and gas production experienced further growth by alter one third to gross domestic product.This is primarily due to programs intending to optimize oil and gas production in the different emirates. At the same time, there is also solid growth in the non-oil sector. In the n ext years, the contribution of the oil sector should stabilize at one third of the economy and the non-oil sector becoming a stronger contributor to stinting growth. This would al kickoff the UAE to maximize returns from the oil and gas sector to hiking growth in the non-oil sector. UAE Economic Developments to Achieve diversificationThe United Arab Emirates is already on its way towards sparing diversification. Although, the oil and gas sector remains as an important sector, the UAE has achieved teachings in the non-oil sector. There are areas of sparing developments that the UAE has to focus on to achieve diversification. Dunning (2005) identified the optimization of imagery base as a elbow room of achieving diversification. The UAE has to hone the potential drop of its key resources to establish different industries. The country has already done this by infinitely develop its oil and gas sector.However, it also needs to optimize the resource base for the non-oil sector much(prenominal) as the development of land through urban planning or the urbanization of peripheral lands to proffer venues for manufacturing and services sectors or the maintenance of natural resources for tourism. Another economic development needed to support diversification encompasses structural changes. According to Shihab (2006), the economic structure needs to support the needs of the non-oil sector. One way of achieving this is influencing avocation patterns to develop labor force for the non-oil sector.This means investing in benignant services such(prenominal) as education and health to ensure labor productivity. Muysken and Nour (2006) stressed on the deficiencies in the educational system and low level of skills of the labor force as areas for improvement if the UAE wants to succeed in diversifying its economy. Another way is the initiation of different industries to broaden the economic base and create employment. A third economic development is consolidation o f infrastructure and social structures to support diversification.DeNicola (2005) explained that infrastructure developments are necessary to pull up investments and create employment opportunities for non-oil industries. Shihab (2006) explained that social factors such as the development of a culture of consumerism and calm co-existence among local minorities and expatriates support growth in the non-oil sector. Justification for Diversifying the UAE Economy Imbs and Wacziarg (2003) explained that the overall justification for economic diversification is sustainable growth by dispersion economic risk across different industries.Economies reliant on a single sector such as the reliance of the member countries of the Gulf Cooperating Council on the oil sector also face senior high risks in the long-term because oil is a non-re modable resource (Fasano Iqbal 2003). There are also specific reasons for the polish of the UAE for diversifying its economy. One is avoidance of the eff ect of the oil curse theory, which explains that dependence on oil has long-term prohibit effects on the economy.Oil exporting countries gain revenue by relying on price fluctuations in the global market alone, which does not require investments or efficiency that in turn precludes long-term development of economic capabilities or competencies. Revenue generated from oil is sufficient to support welfare services, placing focus on parceling instead of production. (HSBC Middle East 2003 DeNicola 2005) Another justification is the maximization of revenue generation through resource development. Diversification would enable an oil dependent economy such as the UAE to gain revenue from its other resources.Sole reliance on oil limits the revenue generating potential of the economy and hampers economic efficiency by idling resources. (Shihab 2006) Another related reason is resolving revenue unpredictability. Dependence on oil involves the downside of volatility in the long-term because oil is non-renewable, which means oil reserves will eventually run out in the future. Oil dependent countries need to develop other sources of revenue to ensure continuity of revenue generation even after oil reserves have dwindled. (Gylfason 2004) Still another justification is piece development by creating employment opportunities for the young population.The UAE has a predominantly young population, which means a syndicate of intellectual and skill resource able to support the development of non-oil industries. Diversification enables the economy to develop its human resources to increase quality of life and sustain productivity. (HSBC Middle East, 2003 Muysken Nour 2006) Non-Oil Sector in Economic Diversification for sustainable Economic Development The Ministry of Information and Culture (2006) explained that the non-oil sector contributed 72 percent of the GDP of the UAE.This reflects the potential of developing the non-oil sector to achieve economic diversification and ens ure sustainable economic development. The non-oil sector comprises goods manufacturing and services, with the former change 57. 9 percent and the latter contributing 42. 1 percent to GDP from the non-oil sector. Industries under goods manufacturing are agriculture, pedigree and fisheries, mining, manufacturing, construction, and electricity, gas and water. Industries under services include restaurants and hotels, transportation, storage and communication, real estate and business, and social and private services.Diversification is already apparent in these various industries and there is still wide room for the development of these industries and the establishment of new industries. Hejmadi (2004) explained that development of the economic free zones were crucial to the development of different industries in goods manufacturing and services. These zones provided a venue and incentives for the flow of both domestic and foreign investments into diverse industries to create employmen t opportunities and contribute to the growth in aggregate output.Apart from the continuous development of these industries, a potential industry for diversification in the non-oil sector is tourism. Sharpley (2002) explained that tourism is becoming a ubiquitous means of achieving economic diversification for many countries seeking to undertake long-term economic growth. Tourism fits the resource approach to sustainable growth since the UAE has many tourism destinations to attract tourists and its cultural openness also comprise an impetus for foreign tourists.Blanke and Mia (2006) reported that travel and tourism already exist as an industry in the UAE and contributing 1. 1 percent to GDP. There is wide potential for development. However, there are challenges to tourism development requiring investments in destination development and promotions (Sharpley, 2002 Henderson 2006)ReferencesAbed, I. Hellyer, P. (Eds. ), 2001. United Arab Emirates a new perspective. London Trident Press Ltd. Blanke, J. Mia, I. , 2006. Chapter 22 assessing travel tourism competitiveness in the Arab world.Online Available at http//www. weforum. org/pdf/Global_Competitiveness_Reports/Reports/chapters/2_2. pdf Accessed 25 January 2009 DeNicola, C. , 2005. Dubais political and economic development an oasis in the desert?. Williamstown, MA Williams College. Dunning, T. , 2005. Resource dependence, economic performance, and political stability. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 49(4), pp. 451-482. Fasano, U. Iqbal, Z. , 2003. GCC countries from oil dependence to diversification. Washington, DC International Monetary Fund.

United States Money History Essay Example for Free

unify States property History EssayMoney is something societies have almost always had, whether it was in the form of trading, shells, or coins. Money is a currency of exchange, and exactly what is used as notes doesnt legitimately matter, as long as the society agrees that it has value. In the United States, money has typically been coins do from precious metals or typography, all of which is backed by gold in the United States treasury. Around 1800 in the United States, the money system that is in place today was just ancestor to be formed. At the beginning of the 1800s, there was precisely one bank. By 1816, a trice bank had begun, and it was chartered for twenty dollar bill years.At this time, both coins and paper money were already world issued. When the charter was up on the second bank, ab bring out 1600 state-chartered private banks came into existence, and also issued paper currency, which was relatively new still (Pfiester). The dollar was already the author itative US currency, though, which had been issued in the late 1700s (Factmonster). However, the paper money that the banks produced in the mid-1800s was not standardized. Banks issued their throw variety of money, which resulted in everyplace 30,000 different designs. Money was easily counterfeited, and there was confusion in what was real money and what was not.By the late 1800s, as the Civil War was gearing up, Congress was pressed into providing paper money via the US Treasury Department. These stayed in circulation until the 1970s. This new money was designed with anti-counterfeiting measures, including blue and red fibers engraft in the money and the treasury seal (Pfiester). Until 1853, silver was the United States metal of choice. The silver dollar was the firsthand currency used. In 1853, the administration replaced the silver dollar with the promise of gold. Dollar bills came out around this time, and other(a) notes, with references to gold written on them (Davies).U ntil 1857, all foreign coins were considered legal currency in the United States, as most were do of precious metals like gold or silver. In 1857, the government finally indomitable that it had built enough support for its own currency that it did not need to accept these forms anymore. At this point, coins were and used for smaller exchanges anyway (Davies). In the early 1930s, most currency had references to gold written on it. Gold was always used to back up money, and could be used instead of money if spate owned some. A bank note, or dollar bill, was used as a promise that the government would pay.In fact, the phrase Secured By United States Certificates Of Indebtedness Or One-Year Gold Notes, Deposited With The Treasurer Of The United States Of America was printed on it. Gold continued to be a reference on the money through and through the printing of the 1928 $100 Gold Certificate. In 1934, the government stopped mentioning gold on all of the money, and made it illegal to own gold as currency (Privateer Market Letter). 1929 saw a standardization in design which, in combination with other measures, helped reduce the counterfeit rate from 25% of currency in circulation to only 1%.In 1990, microprinting and a security thread were added to further combat counterfeiting (Pfeister). Colors were introduced into the money in the early 2000s, in addition to creating oversized pictures of presidents and placing them slightly off-center. Also, there was printing on the bills only visible under a microscope, then making it nearly impossible to counterfeit. Counterfeiting was a problem from the beginning of money, and as individuals got more sophisticated in their capabilities, Congress responded by issuing more measures against counterfeiting (Factmonster).Money has changed over the years, from being purely the trade of precious metals handled by private citizens or small local banks to being a nationally controlled system where bills and coins are backed by go ld. The system developed out of necessity, primarily, and is usable still today. Money continues to change as the government issues new bills, different types of bills, and works to phase out the dollar bill, among other changes. The U. S. money history clearly lead to todays money world.BibliographyDavies, Roy (2005). Money in North American History. Accessed declination 17, 2006. Website http//www. ex. ac. uk/RDavies/arian/northamerica. html. U. S. Money History (2005). Fact Monster. Pearson Education, Inc. Accessed December 17, 2006. Website http//www. factmonster. com/ipka/A0774856. html. Pfiester, Ron (2001). History of US Paper Money. Rons Currency. Accessed December 17, 2006. Website http//www. ronscurrency. com/rhist. htm. A History of U. S. Paper Money (2001). The Privateer Market Letter. Accessed December 17, 2006. Website http//www. the-privateer. com/paper. html.

South America Essay Example for Free

southwestern the States analyze confederation America is a continent composed of twelve countries and one French colony. The Spanish-speaking countries be genus Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, and Venezuela. The former colonies of Guyana and Suriname use English and Dutch, respectively, as their formalized languages, although many in their populations speak relatively very(prenominal) languages. The same can be said for the French colony of Guiana, the home of the cayenne pepper, where French is the official language.The geography of South America is even more varied than that of North America, with long coastlines, lowlands, highlands and mountains, and tropical precipitate forests. The climate varies from tropical, lying as it does across the Equator, to alpine in the high Andes, the backbone of it. The cuisine of South America reflects this rich diversity of culture and geography. The local cookeries of pre-Columbian South America have li ttle by little come together with imported cuisines from Europe and Asia.While the Spanish and Portuguese explorers introduced their own culinary traditions to the natural peoples of South America, indigenous ingredients changed the cuisines of the Old World. The South American contributions included chocolate, vanilla, maize which is corn, hot peppers called aji in South America, guavas, sweet potatoes, manioc called cassava in South America, tomatoes, potatoes, avocados, beans, squash, peanuts, quinine, and papayas, as well as turkeys. Maize plays a key role in the cuisine of South America, and it is clearly different from the maize now adult in the Old World, grown mostly obvious in its outsizedr kernels.The potato is another veg indigenous to South America that has played an important role in cooking worldwide. There be also many vegetables in South America largely un cognise beyond the continent, including ahipa, arracacha, maca, yacon, olluco, and oca. The demographics of South America are critical for understanding the diversity of its cuisines. In countries like Bolivia, Ecuador, and Peru, the indigenous populations are most common, and their regimens and food ways are the most important cuisines.In Argentinas the cuisine was heavily influenced by a large European immigration by Spaniards and Italians. Throughout South America, there is also an African influence imputable to the slave trade, which has added to the culinary mix. Venezuela was discovered in 1498 by Columbus when he found the mouth of the Orinoco River. In 1499 the Venezuelan coast was explored by Alonzo de Ojeda and Amerigo Vespucci. Vespucci, coming upon an island in the Gulf of Maracaibo, called it Venezuela because, according to legend, the native villages were built higher up the water on stilts.Venezuela rises from lowlands to highlands with coffee plantations moving up to the white-capped Andean peaks. It has a mild climate overdue to its nearness to the Caribbean. Caracas, Venezuelas capital, is the cultural, commercial, and industrial activity. Now I will tell you some local dishes that are known in Venezuela. Venezuelan cuisine relies heavily on maize. The two most important preparations are hallacas and arepas. Hallacas traditionally eaten during holidays, especially Christmas, boiled dumplings wrapped in banana leaves, but there are so many variations, depending on region and family tradition.Hallacas are made with a dough made of maize flour mixed with water, which is then filled with meat, vegetables, and spices. Arepas are versatile flatbreads, also made of maize flour, that can be baked, grilled, fried, or steamed and served either sweet or savory. Black beans, called caviar criollo, are a Venezuelan favorite. They are served with arepas and are also part of the national dish, pabellon caraqueno. A hearty dish, it is said to resemble the national flag, pabellon, because of the colors of the beef, beans, rice, and plantains in it.Arequipe, mi lk pudding is milk cooked with sugar until very thick, is a favorite sweet in Venezuela, as it is throughout South America. It has different names in different places, but is perchance best known in the United States as dulce de leche. The traditional beverages of Venezuela are chicha, made of stirred up maize, and masato. The second largest nation in South America, Argentina extends from the subtropics to Tierra del Fuego. Although now a separate country, Argentina was once part of the Viceroyalty of the Rio de la Plata, the River Plate with Uruguay.The pampas are primarily cattle country and famous for farm and farming, but this fertile land also produces good crops and fine wine. Here are some local dishes from Argentina. Finger foods are very popular and are served in cafes, called whiskerias, that evolved from tea shops. Empanadas, stuffed pies, are popular throughout South America, and in Argentina they come in various sizes and are eaten as hors doeuvres, for light lunches, or with cocktails. One popular filling combines meat and fruit.I hope you learned a lot virtually South America. Here are some delicious recipes from South America. Couve a Mineira Shredded Kale enumerate INGREDENT 2lbs fresh pelf 1/4cup olive oil or bacon fat 1/2cuponions 1/4inch die 1garlic clove, minced to tastesalt and pepper PROCEDURE 1. Trim blemishes and tough stems from kale leaves. rinse thoroughly under running water. 2. bed leaves on top of eachother and slice crosswise into very thin strips.3. heat oil over speciality high heat, add onions and garlic and cook 3 to 5 minutes until softened 4. add kale and cook about 5 to 7minutes stirring often until kale is softened but not discolored or browned Season to taste. Aji Criollo Creole hot pepper salsa AMOUNT INGREDENT 4RED OR reverse lightning SERRANOS OR red pepper PEPPERS SEEDED AND MINCED 6TWATER 1/2t SALT 1/4CUPGREEN ONION WHIT PART ONLY MINCED 2TCILANTRO OR parsley LEAVES MINCED PROCEDURE 1. COMBINE PEPPERS, 2 T ABLESPOONS WATER AND SALT PIRE IN BLENDER 2. COMBINE PURE WITH GREEN ONION CILANTRO AND REMAINING WATER AND MIX WELL THIS IS BEST SERVED THE SAME DAY MADE.

The Da Vinci Code Essay Example for Free

The Da Vinci Code EssayAlso searching for the grail is a secret cabal within Opus Dei, an actual prelature of the set apart See, who wishes to throw the true Grail a secret the revelation of this secret would certainly destroy Christianity. The Da Vinci Code film, like the book, was considered controversial. It was met with particularly harsh criticism by the Roman Catholic Church for the accusation that it is behind a two-thousand-year-old coverup concerning what the Holy Grail re all(prenominal)y is and the concept that Jesus Christ and Mary Magdalene were married and that the union produced a daughter. numerous members urged the laity to boycott the film.Two secret giving medications, the Priory of Sion and the Council of Shadows, whose existence is a polarizing issue, figure prominently in the story. In the book, Dan Brown insists that the Priory of Sion and all descriptions of artwork, architecture, documents and secret rituals in this novel atomic number 18 accurate . The Da Vinci Code was met with largely banish critical response upon its release on May 19, 2006. However, this did little to hamper its misfortune glumice slaying it earned US$230 million in its opening weekend and was the second highest-grossing film of 2006 behind Pirates of the Caribbean departed Mans Chest.Cast * Tom Hanks as Professor Robert Langdon * Audrey Tautou as Sophie Neveu * Ian McKellen as Sir Leigh Teabing * Paul Bettany as Silas * dungargone Reno as BezuFache * Alfred Molina as Bishop Aringarosa * Charlotte Graham as Mary Magdalene * Jurgen Prochnow as Andre Vernet * Etienne Chicot as Lt. Jerome Collet * Jean-Yves Berteloot as Remy Jean (RemyLegaludec in the novel) * Jean-Pierre Marielle as Jacques Sauniere * Hugh Mitchell as Young Silas * Seth Gabel as Michael the Cleric * Marie-Francoise Audollent as Sister Sandrine plot of groundIn Paris, Jacques Sauniere is pursued through the quintuplets Grand Gallery by albino monk Silas (Paul Bettany), demanding the Priorys clef de v bulgee or keystone. Sauniere confesses the keystone is unbroken in the sacristy of Church of Saint-Sulpice beneath the Rose before Silas shoots him. At the American University of Paris, Robert Langdon, a symbologist who is a guest lecturer on symbols and the sacred feminine, is summoned to the Louvre to view the crime scene. He discovers the dying Sauniere has created an tangled display using black light ink and his own ody and source. Captain BezuFache (Jean Reno) asks him for his interpretation of the puzzling scene. Silas calls a mysterious man known as The Teacher, revealing that he has decimateed all four protectors of the keystone and that all confirmed the same location. He dons a metal cilice on his thigh and proceeds to flagellate himself with a whip for the sins of murder. Facilitated by Bishop Manuel Aringarosa, Silas then pass aways to Saint-Sulpice and is admitted by an elderly nun left alone, he excavates beneath the take a digest of the chur ch to hold a stone saying only JOB 3811.He confronts the nun, who quotes the personation Hitherto shalt thou come, but no further. Realizing that he has been deceived, Silas is enraged and kills the nun. Sophie Neveu, a cryptologist with the French police, enters the Louvre as well and pillow slips Langdon a message which leads him to the bathroom. There, Sophie meets him and tells him that he is being tracked, a GPS tracking dot has been (unknown by him) slipped into his jacket and that he is a primary suspect in the murder case because of a plication of text found by the corpse (P. S. find Robert Langdon).Sophie however, believes that Sauniere, who is revealed to be her grandfather, wanted to pass a unknown message on to her (Princesse Sophie, P. S. , was the nickname he used for her), and that he had wanted to bring Langdon into the equation so that he could help her crack the code. Buying some age by throwing the tracking device into the back of a truck, the pair begin ex ploring the Louvre, finding more anagram messages that Sauniere had left behind. Many of these relate to da Vinci da Vincis art, and the pair find a key with a Fleur-de-lis behind Madonna of the Rocks.Langdon deduces from this that Sauniere was a member of the Priory of Sion, a secret society associated with the Knights Templar. Pursued by the French police and cut off from the United States Embassy, the pair dodge to the Bois de Boulogne where Langdon closely inspects the key. He nonices an inscription on the side an address. The address directs them to the deposit Bank of Zurich where the key is used for a safety deposit box. In the bank, they find Saunieres deposit box and open it using the 10 digit Fibonacci numbers in order (1123581321).Inside the box, they find a rosewood container, which contains a cryptex a cylindrical container with five alphabetical dials which must be arranged in the correct sequence to spell out a 5-letter code word, in order to open and gravel the papyrus message inside. Using force to open the cryptex would break a vial of vinegar inside, which would disappear the papyrus and destroy the message. Unfortunately, the police are called by a security guard and they are strained to leave. The bank manager, Andre Vernet, assists them in escaping by taking them as passengers in an armoured van to escape the map checks of the police.In the back of the truck Langdon and Neveu have a lengthy discussion about the cryptex and Neveu says that her grandfather a great deal played games with her involving cryptexes. Langdon says that the cryptex might hold valuable information or another clue about what they are trying to discover. Eventually, they come to a sudden stop and Vernet forces them at gunpoint to give him the cryptex. Langdon tricks Vernet and disarms him and he and Sophie escape with the cryptex in their hands. Langdon suggests that they visit his friend, Leigh Teabing (Ian McKellen), for assistance to opening the cryptex.Le igh Teabing turns out to be an enthusiastic seeker of the Holy Grail, which he believes is not actually a cup but instead Mary Magdalene. Mary was pregnant at the time of Christs crucifixion, and Teabing tells Sophie that the Priory of Sion was formed to protect the descendants of Jesus. Jacques Sauniere was believed to be a part of this society and Teabing suspects that he was rearing Sophie to join it also. Silas, meanwhile, breaks into Teabings mansion and blasts to steal the cryptex.Teabing uses his cane to knock Silas out and they escape again, taking the butler, Remy Jean, and Silas with them. The group escapes in Teabings externalizee, following the next clue to London. Fache learns of their destination, and alerts the London Metropolitan Police to apprehend them at the airport. But Teabing manages to slip the party past the police with a trick of misdirection. Teabing leads Langdon and Neveu to the Temple Church in London, which is shown to be a red herring. Silas is free d by Remy Jean, who is revealed to be a follower of The Teacher as well.The two take Teabing hostage, and Silas, accept Remy to be The Teacher, holes up in an Opus Dei safehouse. Remy is killed by the mysterious man after deceiving Silas. Silas accidentally shoots Aringaros and is throw by the police. Aringarosa is taken to the hospital and apprehended by Fache. Langdon is betrayed by Teabing, who is revealed to be the true Teacher. He escapes with the Cryptex, and attempts to find the next clue at Isaac Newtons tomb in Westminster Abbey, as Newton was another member of the Priory. Langdon and Neveau gingersnap up with him, and chase him into the nearby hapter house. Teabing explained that he wanted to find Mary Magdalenes remains to prove he was correct about the Holy Grail and threatens to shoot Sophie if Langdon does not open the cryptex. Langdon throws the cryptex into the air, and Teabing fumbles and destroys it. Distraught at not receiving the code, Teabing is arrested, but Langdon had cracked the code (Apple, a reference to Newton) and removed the clue from the cryptex before destroying it. Using the clue, they travel to Rosslyn Chapel in Scotland where Magdalenes remains had previously been hidden.The remains had since been moved, but they meet other members of the secret organization that protected her. Sophie is actually Magdalenes descendant and therefore is the current living descendant of Jesus Christ. They vow to keep her safe before going their separate ways. In Paris, Langdon accidentally cuts himself while shaving and the line of blood on the sink reminds him of the Rose Line. He follows the Rose Line and finds the location of the Holy Grail, buried to a lower place the pyramid in the Louvre. Langdon then kneels above Mary Magdalenes tomb as the Knights Templar did before him. first-rate thriller . The comment is actually the best and most valuable part of the film A great film to softheartedness at and Salvatore Totinos cinematography is pitch-perfect. This is a servicable enough adaptation, but like many others, the book is of course remote better. Robert Langdon is a symbology professor who gets called into a criminal investigation that gets him wrongfully implicated. On the way to figuring things out for himself, he begins a quest to discover the truth about the Holy Grail, the details having some genuinely shocking revelations.I really liked the book. Its a standard thriller sure, but its so well write and thought provoking. In the end, you need to just put personal beliefs aside (same here) and just accept it as riveting and entertaing fiction. Even though it is just fiction, the details of the truth behind the Holy Grail are so well argued that Dan Browns ideas actually do seem like a realistic and plausible scenario. With this adaptation, it seems a little stiff, and more overly serious than the book, but its mostly faithful, for the most.Some details had to be changed for time concerns, others for cont ent, but the end result here could be far worse. I enjoyed this a fair step when I first saw it, but in revisiting it, some of that has worn off, and the films not as cheeseparing as I initially thought, but its hardly a failure. Its just not as prehend and suspenseful as the book. The film is really well cast though, and their performances are better than average, especially those by Bettany and McKellan. The location shooting is good, the direction is fair, and having Howard as director ensures that the film has some decent clout and performance values.All in all, its okay. The crepuscule Saga gaolbreak finish up Part 1 (commonly referred to as Breaking reach Part 1) is a 2011 romanticfantasy film directed by Bill Condon and based on the novel Breaking Dawn by Stephenie Meyer. The first part of a two-part film forms the fourth installment in the The Twilight Saga series. All three main cast members, Kristen Stewart, Robert Pattinson, and Taylor Lautner, reprise their rol es. Plot Further information Breaking Dawn The film starts out as Bella Swan plans her wedding with the Cullen family.Before the wedding, Edward Cullen tells Bella that he has murdered people in the past. Undaunted by this, Bella and Edward go ahead with the wedding. During the reception following her wedding to Edward, Bella is visited by her friend Jacob Black. When Bella admits that she and Edward plan to consummate their marriage during their honeymoon, Jacob becomes angry but is held back by his pack. He then runs off into the woods, and Edward takes an flurry Bella back to the reception. The couple spends their honeymoon on the Cullens private Brazilian island.Although hesitant, Edward has sex with Bella for the first time. After, Edward realizes that he bruised Bellas arm, back and shoulders during sex and he vows to never be intimate with her again, much to her disappointment he later gives in to her seductions. Two weeks into their honeymoon, Bella discovers that she is pr egnant with a baby growing at an extraordinarily accelerated rate. After consulting with Carlisle, they efflorescence back to Forks. Bella refuses to consider having an abortion, and enlists Rosalies help to protect her wishes.Opposed to Sam Uleys plans to kill Bella and her child, which is thought to be a demon, Jacob angrily leaves his pack and arrives at the Cullens to protect Bella Seth and Leah Clearwater join him, forming a new wolf pack. As the pregnancy progresses, Bellas health severely deteriorates. As a last resort, she begins drinking blood, which satisfies the fetus vampiric thirst and allows her to recall some strength. Soon afterward, Bella goes into a painful labor and gives birth to her child, Renesmee, anconflation of the names of Bellas mother, Renee and Edwards adoptive mother, Esme.To save her life, Edward injects Bellas heart with his venom to transform her into a vampire, but nothing seems to happen and Bella is thought to be dead. Greatly distraught, Jacob attempts to kill the baby, but stops when he realizes he has imprinted on the child. When the werewolves learn of Bellas death, they attack the Cullens house in an attempt to kill the baby. They are forced to stop after learning Jacob has imprinted on Renesmee (imprinting is the involuntary response when a werewolf finds his soul mate thus under their wolf law, Renesmee cannot be harmed).

Advertising in Schools Essay Example for Free

advertisement in Schools EssayAlthough this semester our class has discussed the various types of advertise in the marketplace, one technique that was not discussed is that of advertising in works. This idea is a ontogeny technique that if conducted the right focus, could perhaps benefit not just now corporate organizations, but also naturalizes and students. However, in that respect be m both critics, along with p bents that feel advertising in schools is a horrible idea and could only rail to harm. Many advertisers view children as a profitable triad-in-one market. That is, 1) As buyers themselves 2) As influencers of their parents purchases, and 3) As a future adult customer.See more Recruitment and selection process essayEvery year, children dumb entrap an estimated $15 billion of their own money, of which they spend $11 billion of it on products such as toys, clothes, confect and snacks. Children also influence at least $160 billion in parental purchases. Gener ally speaking, todays children bugger off more money to spend than ever before. Companies know this and find that advertising to the youth of the nation fag end be beneficial and lead to future dedicated customers. Because of the increase in childrens spending power in recent decades, advertisers have closely tar formulateed children as consumers.New advertising strategies aimed at children have been steadily suppuration and expanding. The toy-related program, or program length commercial (which is just like a infomercial) is developed to sell toys, and stir public attention and debates. Along with this form of advertising, 900-number telephone services were accused of be aimed at children. In the 1980s, children got their own TV networks, radio networks, magazines, newspapers, kids clothing brands, and some other high-price items such as video games and other hi-tech products.Other new advertising strategies include kids clubs, store displays directed at children, direct mai ling to children, and sponsored school activities. At first glance, selling corporate sponsorship rights to pay for school activities notes like a win-win situation. Needy schools captivate resources they need. Companies get new marketing opportunities that canister build brand loyalty. After all, advertising in schools is vigour new. Districts have long used ads from local businesses to help pay the costs of school newspapers, yearbooks, and athletic programs. nonetheless here at CBU our athletic department sells ads for Sports Media Guides to local institutions as well as national organizations. A growing number of companies are offering schools money for a chance to market their products directly to students. As budgets shrink, schools must find panaches to get extra funding. Many schools are doing away with fund-raising and have begun to look at corporate dollars to fund just about everything. Signing contracts with these companies seems like an easy way to get the money th ey need.Schools need funding for in-school activities and equipment, and, in order to reduce the number of children going home to acquit houses, they need to fund many after-school activities. Product advertisements can be found almost everywhere in schools. They are most frequently found in stadiums, gymnasiums, school cafeterias, hallways, and on textbook covers. many schools across the nation are even putting advertisements on school buses. So what types of advertising are out there in our schools? There are different categories that ads can fall into.The following categories can represent most the advertising techniques used in our schools today and give a description of how they work. Types of Advertising 1) In-school advertisements In-school ads are forms of advertising that can be found on billboards, on school buses, on scoreboards, in school hallways, in soft drink machines, or on sports uniforms. This type of advertising is also found in product coupons and in give-away s that are given to students. 2) Exclusive rights contracts A company gives money to schools that convey ONLY their products.Extra money can also be given if a schools sales make pass a certain amount(quota). 3) Corporate-sponsored educational materials and programs Sponsored educational materials include renounce or low-cost items which can be used for instruction. Examples of these may include multimedia teaching kits, videotapes, software, books, posters, activity sheets, and workbooks. While some of these materials may be ad-free, others may contain advertising for the producer of the item, or they may contain biased information aimed at swaying students towards a companys product or service.4) Corporate-sponsored contests and incentive programs This is where students compete for prizes by selling, buying or collecting labels for a certain product. These contests and incentive programs bring brand names into the schools along with the promise of such rewards as free pizzas, c ash, points towards buying educational equipment, or trips and other prizes. 5) Ads in classroom materials and programs Ads in classroom materials include any commercial messages in magazines or video programming used in school. A perfect lesson of this type of advertising is Channel One.Channel One is a 12-minute daily news show for students in grades 6 through 12 that includes two minutes of age-appropriate ads for products like jeans and soft drinks. In exchange for respiration the program each day at the same time for three years, Channel One gives schools a satellite dish, a cable hookup, a television monitor for each classroom, and an agreement to service the equipment for the three years. While some state school systems had originally said No to Channel One, the company reports to be present in some 350,000 classrooms.So what types of guidelines are set to insure that in-school advertising is done in good order and does not become overly exploited? Those who support the cal l for guidelines include educational groups such as the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, The National Parent Teacher Association, and the National Education Association. The Society of Consumer personal matters Professionals in Business(SOCAP) and Consumers International are two consumer interest groups that have formulated guidelines for sponsored materials. These guidelines suggest that education materials should be accurate, objective, clearly written, nondiscriminatory, and noncommercial. (Karpatkin Holmes) In dealing with the issues of in-school commercialism, Karpatkin Holmes suggest a three-pronged approach that includes * Reviewing all sponsored materials and activities and holding them to the same standards as other similar items by using the SOCAP guidelines. * Pursuing noncommercial partnerships with businesses and rejecting the notion that it is ethical to bring advertising into the schools to provide materials or funds.* Begin the teaching of media literacy in elementary school, to educate children to be critical readers of advertising, propaganda, and other media messages. Groups that support advertising in schools have very strong arguments to back their case. It seems that there is a titanic area for investment in advertising in schools. It also appears that if handled correctly, advertising techniques in schools can lead to the raising of an overall helpful, efficient way to fundraise. Although advertising in schools may bring needed increases in funds, it is not without controversy.Many people are opposed to advertising in schools. They feel that children are being exploited for profit because big companies feel students are a captive, impressionable audience. Is there any way to balance the true goals and purposes of advertising in schools? Perhaps the best way is to have each school decide what amount and types of advertising in their schools is acceptable. And although advertising in schools seems to be a great way of obtaining funds for school activities, every school board should definitely be sure they know what they are getting into before signing any contracts with big time corporations.In-school Advertising Grace Farrell Promotional schema Dr. Peyton 12/02/02 Bibliography Chaika, Gloria. Education World. 1998 Education World. Consumers Union Education Services(CUES). 1990. Selling Americas Kids Commercial Pressures on Kids of the 90s. Yonkers, N. Y. Karpatkin, Rhoda, H. and Anita Holmes. 1995. Making schools ad-free zones. educational Leadership 53(Sep, 1)72-76. McNeal, James U. 1990. Kids as customers. New York Lexington Books. McNeal, James U. Planning Priorities for Marketing to Children. The Journal of Business Strategy. 1991.

Social Psychology and the Sustainable Future Essay Example for Free

Social psychological science and the sustainable approaching(a) EssayWhat has Global warming, Ozone Layer Depletion, S anoint Erosion, Air Pollution, Carbon Emissions, and other environmental issues engage to do with Social psychology? One of the reasons for writing this paper, is to answer that question by showing the race between the environment in which we put up and brotherly psychology.I will endeavor to do this by looking at a root defecate behind our bionomical dilemma, as well as offering possible solutions and suggestions for social behavioral changes that each one of us could employ, as not merely caring hu cosmosly concern beings, but as Christians fulfilling our God-given mandate to rule over the earth He created in the capacity of c betakers and stewards. As explained by Dr.David G Myers in his excellent book entitled Exploring Social psychology, the translate of social psychology is a study in which social psychologists scientific eithery explore how we as universe think well-nigh, influence, and relate to one other(prenominal) Myers 2009 p. 1. He goes on to quote novelist Herman Melvilles poignant observation, which states, we put forwardnot live for ourselves alone, for our lives be connected by 1000 lightless threads Myers 2009 p. 1.And thitherin lies the root cause of our ecological problems. Because of our social orientation being our personality psychology or psychodynamics which forms our worldview by the musical mode weve been taught to think and act at bottom the society in which we grew up, most bulk and societies, if not alone, argon in here(predicate)ntly self-centered. A perfect face of this societal self-centeredness is clearly figuren here in the linked States of the States, more than so than in invariablyy other place in the world.The unrestrained, unbridled, and unprecedented consumerism and waste has sadly be serve this countries social norm. Gener each(prenominal)y speaking, we as humans, ten d to give little thought, either intentionally or unintentionally, ab step to the fore how our attitude, actions, and behaviors might affect others in the society in which we live or for that matter, the rest of the world. Because our lives are connected by 1000 invisible threads, our attitude, behavior, and actions cannot help but effect others.We are connected in many different ways, but earlier we are connected by being members of one and the same human race, sharing an earth which we all beseech home. Therefore, social psychology and the sustainable future of our environment are connected in the nose out that as human beings, sharing the same earth, social psychologist can positively influence societies to bring about change through implementing strategies within a society through educational and other means, that would address the lackiness for other-centeredness, as opposed to self-centeredness within our societies.This hopefully, through educational campaigns, would over time alter social norms throughout international societies, and help to positively shape our attitudes, behaviors and actions toward the environment in which we live, and encourage a more sustainable environmental future. The purpose of environmental education, is to bring social awarenessof how each individuals attitude actions and behavior, can and does aim an environmental affect whether positive or negative, not only themselves and their own environment, but on the environment of others in like manner.So, environmentally speaking, this means that each individual person, multitude, society and nations environmental habits and smellstyle which is mainly guided by the social normsof the country and the culture in which they are living, can demand a global environmental impact. Social psychological science in the Sustainable Future 4 Social, psychologically formed thought processes, cause individuals and radicals within a society or culture, to be hold back in ways that are c onsidered normal to them, stock-still though theyre ttitude, behavior and actions are environmentally devastating. One of the ways I can illustrate the position of how our attitudes, behaviors, and actions another words what we do and how we live, can and does affect others environment rase though they may be living on the other side of the world, is by looking at the worldwide issues of aureole pollution and its causes.Air is something that every living thing needs, as the famous 70s hit song sung by the British groupThe Hollies states, all I need is the line that I breathe. some other translation of that song humorously states I need to be able to breathe. That we need air to breathe is an axiom, a self evident truth, for without it we die. In essential fact, air is one of the reasons why Earth is the only planet within our solar system that can sustain life, and in which life can be build. Air supports life, but the air has to be calorie-free for life to be sustained. We dont really need to be told that the air is polluted these days because we can see it.This is especially true if you happen to live in the city of Los Angeles, which for many years has been the butt of smog jokes, and recently topped the American lung Associations bad air list of most polluted cities in America GMA password 2012. Why is the air polluted so badly? How did it get that way? The city of Los Angeles, same many other places in the world today are to a great degree obligated for producing much of the bad air in their cities.However, bad air is now being found in cities and other places where there is no air polluting factories or industry to blame. This is because air pollution does not cognise external boundaries, and like the proverbial trapeze artists, pollution in the form of toxic emissions can and do fly ball through the air with the greatest of ease. Because of this, bad air has turned up in places where it did not climb up such as National Parks and wilde rness areas in remote bring outs of the join States.This is cod to the fact that one countries air polluting practices can hand a dramatic effect on another countries air quality located on the other side of the world. Toxic pollutants and emissions rise from factory smokestacks, federal agency plants, and exhaust emissions , from countries who have no clean air act and therefore are below no threat of penalty or prosecution for noncompliance. These toxic emissions, are the result of unrestrained air polluting practices by countries who show little or no interest in environmental conservation.This toxic pollution rises into the star currents and jet-streams, which carry the poisonous air hundreds, or plain thousands of miles away to another part of the world, where it thus affects the air quality of the place where it settles, creating health hazards and pollution within that cities population and location. So, the irresponsible polluting behavior and actions of one group/ country, can have a drastic negative effect on another person/s, group/s, country/or countries, ca employ them to suffer debilitating health hazard consequences for which they were not responsible in creating.So you see in this one small illustration, how another person/s, group/s, or even other countries irresponsible attitude, actions, and behavior toward environmental conservation issues, can inadvertently and negatively affect another person/s, group/s, or even a whole countrys populations health and well being. Many outset world countries have environmental laws that heavily penalize companies for noncompliance, and therefore helps to limits air pollution to varying degrees. merely there are more countries who dont have any environmental laws, restrictions, or boundaries in place, and who Social Psychology in the Sustainable Future 6 do not recognize or practice environmental conservation. And so these developing countries by their who cares, its business as usual attitude and behavior, become one of the study contributors of bad air on a global scale, through their uncontrolled, unrestrained, release of toxic emissions into the atmosphere where it becomes an international traveler.However, air pollution caused by toxic emissions is only one of the environmental concerns facing humanity today. Another environmental concern, which we are being unendingly reminded of through the news reports, newspapers, Internet, etc. is the issue of global warming. This is also known as climate change. Scientists use the name, or term global warming, so as to pose what types of climate change is actually happening i. e. , the planet is not getting cooler but warmer, ergo, global warming. One of the reasons they state this is happening is due(p) to the excessive amount of a gas known as carbon dioxide.This is carbon dioxide, which is something that we, after taking in atomic number 8 through the air, actually exhale. While carbonic acid gas is an odorless, tasteles s, indifferent gas, it is also a byproduct of combustion, which is generally contributed to automobile emissions. However, while CO2 is a byproduct of automotive engine gasoline/diesel/natural gas combustion, it is also a byproduct of combustion associated with the fervent of coal and oil to generate electricity and heat buildings. In fact, anything that burns will have CO2 as one of its emission byproducts. Because of the increase of automobiles, trucks, factories, etc. here is an excessive amount of carbon dioxide constantly being released into the atmosphere. A longsighted with the deforestation of whole rainforests note trees absorb CO2 gases and convert CO2 into oxygen by the process of photosynthesis. This is one of Gods brilliant ideas for replenishing the oxygen we use. However, by cutting down all the trees in the forest, were destroying the earths carbonic acid gas converter, Social Psychology in the Sustainable Future 7 and the combination of other greenhouse gases , w hich come from agricultural and industrial sources, global warming is the result.However, there is also another detrimental effect of having in like manner much CO2 in the air that has to do with ones respiratory health, and is known by a qualify called hypoxia, or hypoxiation. West, 1995 p. 22 This is a roomological condition in which the body as a whole, or area of the body is deprived of adequate oxygen supply. This is due to the fact that the body is deprived of oxygen because CO2 in the lungs is inhibited from being released, and so accumulates causing too much CO2 to be where oxygen needs to be, and therefore death ensues as a result. West, 1995 pp. 22. The use of CO2 displacing oxygen is great for firefighting is actually a preferred fire extinguisher in place of chemical powder for distinguishing fires, but its no good for breathing. The world climate is changing because CO2 is in excess, and humans are the reason why it is so. So far weve looked at some causes of air po llution and how it can originate from one part of the the world and through air currents effect everybody globally.But in discussing social psychology in the sustainable future air pollution is only one component of many. There are many environmental concerns for a sustainable future, which also include piss pollution. Just as we need clean air to survive, so also we need clean piddle for both drinking and fodder. In actual fact, it is kind of possible for a person to go many days and even weeks without food, but only a few days without water. Clean water is essential for drinking as well as sustaining aquatic and devil dog life in our rivers and oceans.However, with the high human demand for oil, environmental catastrophes and disasters such as the Exxon-Valdez oil moltoff the coast of Alaska in 1989, and most recently the BP oil Social Psychology in the Sustainable Future 8 spill of 2010, have polluted the life-sustaining ocean waters and left a path of ecological destructio n, which much like the fallout from an nuclear bomb, may take forever, if ever, to recover. Even now as I write this, were told by BP officials and their advertising campaigns, that the waters in the Gulf are back to pre-oil spill status.However, a recent study reported by Brian Williams on NBC national news states that marine life such as dolphins are seriously ill and due to health problems consistent with exposure to oil. nausea ranging from lung disease, kidney malfunctions and liver disease has been found throughout dolphin population which cause has been attributed to the ingesting of oil NBC nightly news March 23 2012. Basically what were being told through the million-dollar advertising campaign by BP, is not true.We are still reaping the consequences caused by the massive oil spill where oil spewed out from the ground unrestrained for months. On top of water pollution, the sea is being devastated daily by the huge nets and Longlines of commercial angle vessels. Longline tiping is a commercial tilting technique. It uses a long line called the main line which can be up to 50 miles long, with thousands of baited fling offs attached at intervals of approximately every 20 yards. Hundreds or even thousands of baited hooks can hang from a single line.Although Longliners commonly target tuna, cod, halibut, unfortunately a baited hook is not very selective and many other species are caught and killed inadvertently. This is very troublesome, especially for those animals, mammals, and fish species that are on the jeopardize list, i. e. The Leatherback Sea Turtle. Seaturtles. org 2003 Can you imagine a 50 mile long seek line with corks set at every 20 yards, or huge Social Psychology in the Sustainable Future 8 pressurenets, scraping the bottom of the sea for its fish, crap, shrimp and other marine life.This is all done to fulfill the growing populations appetite for seafood. Yet he growing need for big harvest is only one part of this very important ec ological problem. Another part is the legal injury that is caused by the implements used in harvest-home. I have personally seen the damage to the bottom of the sea caused by the nets being used to harvest fish from along the bottom of the sea beds. These nets are called drag-nets for good reason, as they scrape the bottom of the oceans floor so that nothing escapes. As they scrape along the bottom of the sea, they drag every kind of a marine life you can imagine into the net.The ocean floor then looks like its just been plowed. Thus, these drag-nets leave behind a path of destruction in their wake, by destroying all aquatic plants, and marine life forms and the environment in which they live. Another issue that is caused by fishing trawlers using dragnets, is waste. Nets are by no means selective as anything and everything gets caught in the net. Once these nets are hauled in, much of what is caught in the nets is not used, but thrown out for reasons of either being under size, wrong variety, or in some way illegal etc.Some of the seafood is kept, and the other is thrown out to die. The fish and marine species that are caught in the nets or on the long lines as a byproduct, sea turtles, including the exceedingly endangered Leatherback sea turtle, various sharks, including some species which are also endangered, and also others. Seeing there is no international laws to reduce by go, we can expect that many more species will be added to the endangered list as part of the long-term decline, caused by these devastating fishing practices.So apart from destroying the environment which sustains our fish and marine life in our oceans, rivers and waters through pollution, waste and harvesting practices, we continued the Psychology and Sustainable Future 9 devastation by overfishing the waters to to the extent that fish that were once found in abundance 50 years ago, are now at the point of extinction and have been placed on the endangered list. Two of the fish spe cies I would like to talk about here were, up till recently, very common. One is the Atlantic cod, and the other the Giant Bluefin Tuna.These two fish species once abundantly populated the Atlantic Ocean until the implementation of gill nets, drag nets, and now the dreaded long-lines of commercial fishing vessels. In a relatively short amount of time, the use nets and long lines have devastated the cod and tuna populations worldwide through overfishing. Even though size limits and harvesting amounts have been purportedly set by international bodies, Atlantic Cod, Bluefin Tuna, and many other fish species are under the gun, and may never recover, especially the majestic jack mackerel tuna, which is much coveted by sushi chefs and is considered a fineness in Japan.Maybe it is for this reason that Japan, under the guise of supposedly abiding by the international fishing laws, have reportedly and consistently ignored the international laws for size limits and harvesting amounts. Thr ough their longline fishing vessel fleet have continued at a ever increasing rate to catch bluefin tuna, to the point that they, could be considered to be the major contributing factor, as to why this fish species is numerically declining to a point of having to be put on the endangered fish species list. Glover, Charles. The End of the Line. 2008.It is a well-known fact that the Mitsubishi Corporation. Not only owns several long line ships which go out to sea for months at a time and dont come back until their freezes are all full of bluefin tuna, but is the major vendee of bluefin tuna. As well as fishing for bluefin tuna with their own fishing vessels. They have also been known to purchase as much bluefin tuna as they Social Psychology in the Sustainable Future 10 can, from other fishing vessels. These vessels are known as plagiariser Fishing Vessels, ignore international fishing laws and catch all they can in what you might call an undercover operation.These pirate fishing ves sels have, within the past 10 years, come under a dish up of scrutiny by the Greenpeace organization who sail the seas searching for these pirate fishing vessels so as to catch them in the act. Of illegal fishing, netting, long lining etc. Greenpeace. org 2011. Although many nations, including the United States, supposedly participate as international management bodies to maintain global tuna populations, the species continues to decline at an alarming rate and are now on top of the endangered species list because its numbers have depleted to such a point that it may never be able to recover.As you can tell air and water pollution combined with overfishing is a concern of mine, mainly because I see it is preventable, but for the selfish, self-centered, all-consuming greed of people from all walks of life I could continue on for quite some time, however I mustiness bring this article assignment to a conclusion by talking about causes of environmental damage. As much as we like to blame tornadoes and hurricanes for most of the environmental damage, the biggest cause of environmental damage is man himself. Mankind is now the number one cause of all the destruction happening on Earth.We are the major cause of environmental disasters, beginning with the industrial exploitation of the resources of the Earth, which has become especially bad since the population of the Earth has trippled in the last fifty years to a point which, even with more in force(p) means of distribution, there is simply not enough food to go around. Obviously the reasons for the possible future scarcity of food, water, among other things, is the uneconomic lifestyles that we have become accustomed to, especially here in the United States.All you need to do is look around in any restaurant here in the United States and see the huge Social Psychology and a Sustainable Future 11 amounts of food being thrown out in the trashcan while people on the other side of the world starve. Its been noted in the book, exploring social psychology by David G Myers, that the human demand for things such as land, timber, fish, and fuels is increasingly exceeding the Earths regenerating capacity. Myers, 2009 p. 378-379.My point is this, with the present consumption of resources by our, wasteful habits and devastating harvesting techniques, coupled with the destined growth of population, further pollution, global warming, and environmental destruction, seem inevitable unless there is change. For the reasonable American who lives with luxuries unknown by even royalty just a century ago, our lifestyle of unrestrained, unbridled, ever wanting more consumerism will be brought to a screeching halt unless there is change. Lets face it our wasteful lifestyles cannot continue forever. For beyond the sunny skies of comfort and convenience.Dark clouds of environmental disaster at gathering. Sciences have current this coming ecological, environmental disaster to increasing population and increasin g consumption. Myers, 2009 p377. I come to this conclusion due to my observations of the wasteful practices I see around me every day of my life here in the United States I offer this small yet effective illustration of the environmental conservation. In Australia where I was raised, we grew up with tank water. Where you rely on the rain to fill a tank that is used for your drinking water, bathing, and flush toilet uses etc.Under these conditions you learn to conserve and not waste water in every way possible. One of the ways I taught my children to conserve water was not to leave the tap running when they were copse their teeth. They were instructed to turn the tap on to wet the brush, then turn the tap off while they collapse the toothpaste to the brush and brush their teeth. After they had brush their teeth, they could then turn the tap on to rinse out their mouth and clean their toothbrush. Idiosyncratic? Not really. Just letting my children learn not to waste water and to ap preciate the God-given resources we have available to us.