The Factors That Affect Global Warming Environmental Sciences Essay

The Factors That Affect Global Warming Environmental Sciences bear witnessThe take ups of spheric heating system atomic number 18 vast and spread cross shipway and the dangers are several. This paper aims at understanding the portions that affect b either-shaped thaw. A password of human impact on global melting has withal been made. This leave behind permit to bring out an evaluation strategy to sustain the topical situation and to find a strategy to devise a reply for the problem.The ProblemWith the growing aims of irresponsible behavior on the part of military personnel and several some other situationors, the biggest reveal in hand is Global Warming. The name global warming is used to describe the changes, more specific all in ally the growing in the temperature of the reality. The out has been stu rif conduct over several old age and superstar of the major attributes to the issue is the increase in the greenhouse gases (Houghton, 2009).A a few(prenominal ) facts from the home(a) Geographic show that the World is being faced with this issue and Earth has already begun showing a number of signs in price of the earthwide climate change. A few of these signs includeAccording to the NASA Goddard initiate of Space Studies, in that location has been an increase in the average temperature and since 1880, the average temperatures drive raised by 1.4 degrees Fahrenheit.The level of warming has been noned to be change magnitude to a great extent. As per the National Geographic website, The rate of warming is increasing. The 20th centurys last two decades were the hottest in 400 years and by chance the warmest for several millennia, according to a number of climate studies. And the United Nations Intergovernmental plank on Climate Change (IPCC) reports that 11 of the past 12 years are among the dozen warmest since 1850 (National Geographic, 2007).The Arctic Circle has been faced with the highest changes. The average temperatures in re gions alike Alaska, Canada and Easter Russia has risen to an extent almost double of the global average. overly, studies soak up shown that the Arctic ice has been disappearing and the region is expected to perk up an ice free summer by 2040 or earlier.The various glaciers and mickle snow feed besides been impacted by the global warming and angiotensin-converting enzyme of the best examples for this is that Montanas Glacier National park now has only rough 27 glaciers when compared to 150 in 1910 (National Geographic, 2007).Experts have also pointed that an upsurge in extreme climate events like wildfires, heat waves and also strong tropic storms are major contributors to the climate changes.The terra firma famous Coral Reefs have also been affected because of the high temperatures. The Coral Reefs are highly affectionate to the slightest changes in the water temperature and the increase in temperatures has led to bl to each oneing, and even die off of this beautiful pull ination (Houghton, 2009).Factors Affecting Global Warming on that point have been several factors that affect the global warming. Under normal luck the process that is occurs as explained by Environment Canada is that, under normal circumstances, the Earth intercepts radiations from the sun. These radiations are the adepts that do derive the climate and the weather of the Earth. What normally happens is that one third of the radiations are reflected back into space, while the rest of it is engrossed by the various forms of life, land, ice and the atmosphere. Furthermore the Earth re radiates several gigantic waves of radiation which are sent out into space. Of these a part of it is absorbed as energy while the rest is left into space. This remission is referred to as Greenhouse Effect (Environment Canada, 2010). It is demand for Earth to be able to oppose a balance between the essences of radiation that is outgoing versus the amount of solar energy ledger entry. Any ch ange in this balance depose turn tail to the process of global warming (Singer Avery, 2007).Another factor that has also been explained by the Environment Canada is the changes that have been noted in the Earths Or slur. The changes in the orbit leads to changes in the amount of energy received on earth, and there is also a direct impact on the energy that is absorbed and reflected as well. Also another essential factor that affects the global warming is the aerosols. Environment Canada has explained this factor as, these are fine particles and droplets that are niggling enough to remain hang in the atmosphere for considerable periods of time. They both reflect and absorb incoming solar radiation. Changing the type and quantity of aerosols in the atmosphere affects the amount of solar energy reflected or absorbed (Environment Canada, 2010).Global Warming man Impactseveral(prenominal) studies over the years by numerous scientists across over 130 countries have led to the conclu sion that almost all or major part of the global warming is due to humans. The global warming that is caused due to humans is referred to as anthropogenic climate change. in that respect are several things that humans have done which have led to the situation of global warming. Some of these include factors like industrialization, deforestation, and pollution which have impacted the levels of water vapor, carbon di oxide, methane gas, and also nitrous oxide. This leads the greenhouse gases to be a trapped near the Earths surface thereby making the level of heat much higher(prenominal) (Singer Avery, 2007).Also, it is seen that humans have poured in higher levels of carbon di oxide into the atmosphere compared to that which scum bag be absorbed by the plants and oceans. It is also essential to note that Carbon di oxide takes as much as cytosine years to be absorbed into space, hence with the levels of this gas that is being emitted there are very low chances of stopping global wa rming presently (Environment Canada, 2010). Experts have also pointed out that the orbital shifts that have taken practice over the past hundred years are normally one which would take at least centuries to occur. This increases the possibility of the heating and cooling of the earth. paygrade of StrategiesIn the current period several experts and channels like National Geographic try to explain to the general public the several ways that they can help improve the world and help save the planet. Things like apply more eco friendly items, eating organic foods, changing to grow vegetarians to help muffle the denigrating gases are emitted into the atmosphere. The experts also suggest using different types of products to help inflict the emission of harmful elements into the atmosphere and thereby assist in sustaining the earths heat at the current level. However regardless of how much the governments or the experts have tried the conscious efforts to help reduce the emission of harmful elements, yet the rate at which the emission of harmful gases have been present is quite high (Singer Avery, 2007). The governments and the society unneurotic ordain need to work hand in hand to save the world and to at least be able to retain the world at the current level. In order to be able to develop a plan which might help increase the sensitiveness among all the mountain in the world a brief sustainability plan has been designed.Sustainability Plan serve ItemsAction StepsTimelineConduct a thorough research of the cause of global warming and how the daily activities affect global warmingSeveral journals, articles, and websites need to be analyzed and studied. The main causes for global warming can be listed based on this. Furthermore, surveys can be conducted and details of the potential daily activities can be made to bring out the activities that affect and contribute to the global warming.2 3 monthDevelop a plan to encourage and raise the awareness among peo ple across the worldA presentation can be made to provide commonwealth with a detailed understanding of what causes global warming, the effects of global warming and how each individual can individual can help reduce the contribution of harmful chemicals and harmful gases as well.1 1.5 Month pass out and extend the knowledge to allA copy of the presentation can be sent out to various organizations which get out in fact allow the knowledge to be spread across the countries. Distribute a copy of the presentation across the country to as many colleges, universities, photograph theatres, industries, manufacturing companies, offices, schools. The movie theatres can play the presentation before every movies and this will help at least reach out to a small set of people worldwide.3 monthEvaluation of PlanThe supra mentioned plan might sound outrageous and very demanding and expensive up to now it will allow the people across the world to be aware of the various problems and issues tha t are being faced due to being unlettered or simply not aware. Using a presentation to be sent out slowly to all countries and the presentations to be distributed within each country will help in reaching out to a major part of the population. The main benefits of the plan is that it will help cast awareness and will also help in changes simple things in the daily routine that can assist with doing the bit to help go along global warming. Also playing the presentation in schools and colleges and movies will help the younger generation be more aware of what they do and also assist in correcting the mistakes of not only themselves but also those almost them.Required SupportGlobal warming is a global issue and it is not one which will affect only a few countries. If we aim at saving out planet, it is essential that a form of unity and commitment is formed within each one of us and a form of unity among countries is also essential. The support of the government is necessary here to help ensure that countries can have cordial and portion nature so that we can also work together to settlement this issue. Similar to how the entire world is ready to take up a new technology and enjoy the benefits, it is necessary that the world works together to build a safer planet (Spencer, 2010). Companies can help by straits the message, governments can help by keeping cordial relations with other countries, so we can help one another in measure of difficulties. Most importantly, it is up to each individual on the planet to their bit to help reduce the emission of the gases and prevent global warming. The world is our own, and regardless of which country we belong, or which religion we belong, we need to understand that ignorance or not taking up responsibility is not an answer here and we all lose if global warming continues to grow as it is currently.

Selecting The Most Suitable Procurement Route Construction Essay

Selecting The Most Suitable procural walkwayageway bend EssayUnderstand that due to the terrible weather and utter(a) storm, a signifi stinkert damage was happened to cinnamon Grand hotels. As a result, the hotel focussing board requested for advice on selecting an appropriate procural lane after deciding to reconstruct the destroyed buildings.thither are a few procural passageways could be selected amongst traditional procurance r disclosee and non-traditional procurement routes which includes anatomy and name, foc use undertake and Construction anxiety. In general, traditionalistic order is more favored by public visualise be exercise it satisfies public accountability, Design and Build regularity is more for inexperienced leaf node who desire personify certainty and fast track projects, counselling Contracting system is usu onlyy adopted by experienced client who does not take appeal certainty as their priority, similar to Construction instruction. Select ing an appropriate procurement route go out this instant benefit the client in numerous panoramas, much(prenominal) as time saving, comprise saving, run a risk avoidance, tonus control, scathe competitor and so on.Provided information states that you do not allow an in-house executive to offer the re plait you give obtain a financial assistance of estimated cxx million you intend to re-open the business latest by 28th February 2015. Thurs, the al al closely important issues which you are highly concerned are risk allocation, price certainty and project duration. Two points each will be allocated to the close to qualified procurement route. Besides, you are also concerned about commit control, woodland control, complexity and heritage. One point will be allocated to the most suitable procurement route. Table 1 shows the matrix for making ratiocination on how to select a suitable procurement route.Table 1 Matrix of selecting the most suitable procurement route trad itionalistic ProcurementDesign and BuildManagement ContractingConstruction Management encounter Allocation 12Price Certainty 22Project while 1211 rank Control 11Quality Control 111Complexity 11Total67332. Factors Affecting the Selection of Procurement Route2.1 pretend AllocationRisks support be classified as role risks and construction risks. It is crucial for you to know much risk it can bear and how to pass the risks to the contractor in particular in this case, you do not have a team of specialists who are capable of advising on the picture nor the reconstruction. Amongst all the procurement routes, Design and Build order will allow you to pass virtually all the design and construction risks to the contractor, at a price. traditionalistic procurement method distributes risks to both insured consultant and contractor equally, while Management Contracting and Construction Management have a impairment of retaining most of the risks to employer.Therefore, Design and Build a nd Traditional methods are most suitable for cinnamon Grand to inform risks .2.2 Price CertaintyPrice certainty is ceaselessly a prior concern in private projects, because preventing overrunning budget plays a big part for private client. It has been highlighted in the key issues by Cinnamon Grand saying price certainty is most important. Traditional method supports a high level of price certainty because it relied on free-enterprise(a) tender, usually the Contactor with the lowest tender price will be accepted, although sometimes negotiation happens. Other advantages of Traditional method are competitive fairness, which inwardness all tenderers prices will be based on same design drawings issued by Consultant, and a relatively low tender preparation cost comparing to the rest methods. Design and Build method also ensures a firm cost as most contracts will be permit on a lump sum basis, it is also unlikely to have design changes, because contractors responsibilities of both d esign and construction will increase the buildability and minimise the variation. Management Contracting and Construction Management are at disadvantage as the actual project cost will notwithstanding be know when all the bring in packages have been let.In order to make out the price competitive, the best way of obtaining price certainty is through Traditional method or Design and Build method .2.3 Project DurationTime is essence for those who want quick return on the investment, especially for private client. There are two ways to avoid project delays, cardinal is to start project as early as possible, the other is to end project as early as possible. As I know that the realise of commencement is on 1st March 2014 and the realise of completion is on 28th February 2015, which means the time for construction is very crucial. Fortunately, the decision has been made in August 2012, giving us one and a half year head start on doing any(prenominal) necessary preparation whole ca boodle, for example, to carry out brief, design and competition.The late work grade handover date seems to be suitable to use Traditional method, however, downstairs certain flock of any variation order incurred, Contractor reserve the right to ask extension of time, this will affect the crucial construction period and cause project delays. Therefore, even though Traditional method allows design works can be start early, it still has a medium risk of project delays because the design responsibility does not lie with Contractor.Same applies to Management Contracting and Construction Management as well. Although Management Contracting and Construction Management allow design and construction works to be carried out concurrently, Management Contracting takes more time on selecting a management input and then subcontractors, and Construction Management makes you have to deal with many subcontractors and no individual(a) subcontractor is solely responsible for the date of completion. So since in that respect is a long preparation period from August 2012 to March 2014, I conjure that Competitive Design and Build (two-stage tendering) method will be best suitable to meet the time requirement , not only because it avoids delay to the commencement date, but also ensures the completion date with buildability and single point of contract and responsibility.2.4 Site ControlIn order to provide a good service while the construction is going on, work come out must be well managed in every perspective including safety, planning, noise and etc. The advantage of Management Contracting and Construction Management methods is having a shorter communication line between you and subcontractors, so that to ensure a faster response to decisions. On the other hand, Traditional and Design and Build method do not have control of subcontractors, because there is no contractual relationship between you and subcontractors. Thus, Management Contracting and Construction Management metho ds will be best suitable to control work site . However, it is still possible for other procurement methods to keep the work site well managed by improving the contract requirements and specifications.2.5 Quality ControlTraditional method has a low quality risk because most of the design works are done by insured Consultants who working directly for you. Management Contracting and Construction Management methods also have a low quality risk because a close link will be established between you, Consultants and Contractors, to allow buildibility. Even though when under certain circumstances, design quality may be compromised duo to pressure sensation from employer. Design and Build method has a relatively high quality risk because the whole design and build process is solely undertaken by Contractor, which may slightly affects the quality level.All above mentioned procumbent methods neglect Design and Build method are suitable to enhance quality control and heritage . Even so, the p ossible affected quality using Design and Build method also depends on how experienced the employer is and how spotless is the requirements stated in the contracts document. So I think it will not be a difficult task for such an experienced client in renovation of buildings like Cinnamon Grand.2.6 ComplexityProjects complexity can be identified by the types of physical services involved, the number of sub-contractors, resources in term of labour, plant and materials, the level of technology and the uniqueness of project activities (Songer and Molenaar, 1997). Traditional method and Design and Build method are more suitable for simple or medium-scaled buildings like this particular project, while Management Contracting and Construction Management methods cater for larger and more complex buildings.Considering all types of complexities mentioned, the core concept still revolves around time and cost as the primary purpose is to re-open the hotel business to make money. And the constru ction period for bod two is only one month time. So I suggest that in order to encourage time saving, Design and Build method should be selected rather than Traditional methods, because all construction works will be conducted by Contractor alone while Traditional method has different specialists doing high technology multimedia facilities and air conditioning system.3. RecommendationsThere is no single procumbent method suitable for all kinds of projects, advantages and disadvantages can only be determined according to clients concerns and priorities. Therefore, by referring to the result hypothecate in Table 1, I suggest that the most suitable procurement route should be Competitive Design and Build.

E Coli On Bathroom Surfaces

E Coli On tail end SurfacesIn this experimentation, we aimed to screen out the common statement that Pine- O- Cleen kills 99.9 of E.Coli on crapper surfaces .To test this myth we use unfertilized swabs, barren physiological saline sterile pipettes. Tile was used to represent bathroom surface and E .coli elaboration to represent unclean or begrime surface. E coli culture was parcel out on the tile with sterile glass spreader evenly and consequently Pine-O-Cleen was sprayed on it. Therefore in this experiment, the independent shifting is the length of clock time E coli was on the surface of the tile used and the dependent variable is the come up of E coli forming units (cfu) or the Percentage of E.coli cells remaining on the food for thought Agar Plate and Malt extract scale leaf afterwards world cleaned use Pine-O-Clean and controlled variables were length of time E.coli was left hand on tile, type of bacteria onto the tiles (E.coli), the surface area that bacteria l reaping is tested on numerate of bacteria initially present on tilesBy using sterile pipettes, sterile glass spreader and using a known minginess of e .coli culture (1 ml) and ache- o-cleen (1 ml) on both of the tiles used, opposite variables were controlled such as incubation temperature incubation time. energy Hypothesis There is no residual in add up of E. coli cells surviving on bathroom surfaces with or without tough with Pine -O-Cleen.The effect of pine o clean in remotion of bacteria from a contaminated surface was tested in weeks 12 and 13. Basically we tested the effect of Pine-O-Cleen on E. coli cells on bathroom surfaces. The results of the experiment in week 12 identified that the number of cfu on distributively plate were too small-scale to be blameless and dilutions did not had lessen number of colonies and close to plates had 0 colonies and even control had colonies in it , so calculations were not done that week. Results in week 13 we obtained appro ximated cfu were transferred from the bathroom tiles and after it was treated with pine -o- cleen. This was determined by counting cfu on decant plates of the undiluted solution from week 13.Table 1 Pour plate counts of serial dilutions and total number of colony forming units (cfu) transferred from the bathroom tile contaminated with E.coli culture to a swab and the ones treated with pine -o -cleen.* The values were accurate for wk 13 since they were in the range of 25-250 cfu/plate for 10-4, 10-5 dilutions and plates were having decreasing number of colonies as dilution factor was increasing.Interpretation and conclusionAs mentioned above, total number of bacteria transferred from the tile with E.coli which was contaminated and after it was treated with Pine O Cleen. establish on the results, it can be concluded that the pine O cleen has some effect on number of bacteria on the tile. Plates had decreasing number of colonies as dilution factor change magnitude. There was roughly a 10 kris difference amidst successive dilutions. Although some bacteria survived the cleaning process, pine o cleen still kills germs on bathroom surfaces. Pine -O -Cleen possess germicide substances and that surface bacteria die within minutes but it doesnt kill 99.9 of E .coli cells.In agreement with our results, previous studies have shown precise little amount of pine o cleen is needed to kill a particular species of bacteria (Fidalgo, 2002). Other variables to consider is that length of time E.coli was left on tile, type of bacteria onto the tiles (E.coli), the surface area that bacterial growth is tested on number of bacteria initially present on tiles.Decontamination reagents used for flucloxacillin wipe sampling and degradation/stability tests included isopropyl alcohol 50 and 70, ethanol 60 and 100, benzalkonium chloride 0.1 (Pine O Cleen), sodium hypochlorite 0.5 (Chloroclens), sodium hydrated oxide 0.03M and distilled waterPrevious studies have shown that Pine O cl een is very powerful against bacteria and only 0.001 of bacteria was left behind after using Pine-O- Cleen . ( Fidalgo,2002).Based on our preliminary results, together with the results reported on other recent studies, which all suggest that pine -O-Cleen is effective against bacteria, we reject Null hypothesis since pine- o -cleen does have an effect on number of E.coli cells since in treatment we got 0 colonies.Critical evaluation of experimental designIn week 12, we narrow out to evaluate the number of E. coli cells transferred from the surface of the bathroom tile with E .coli culture to a moistened swab. A dilution series was set up and spread plates of severally dilution were performed. Unfortunately the number of CFU was too low to be accurate. Therefore the experimental design was modified in the routine experiment in wk 13 to compensate for this problem.Due to limitation of the number of plates and bottles, the experiment was designed such that test in wk 12 were duplic ated. We used 10-4, 10-5, 10-6 instead of 10-5, 10-6, 10-7.This introduced the possibility of variables due to potential differences in techniques and in concentration of E coli culture use. Therefore, the experiment could be improved by execute the duplicates at the same time, choosing treatments that altered the minimum of confounding variables, incorporating as many a(prenominal) effective controls as possible, keeping number of replicates as high as feasible,Since total number of replicates available for the experiment were limited by resources, compromised between number of treatment and number of replicates per treatment, accounting for the time taken to harbour treatments and then recording results, ensuring same number of replicates is present in individually treatment, finding out the limitation on resources.If more materials were ordered uniform more bottles, tiles, NA plates it would have been ideal to increase the number of replicates for each test in order to make the results more statistically relevant.A recent study has demonstrated that the transfer of bacteria to food increased when cells were applied to the surface n the presence of growth media compared with dilution buffer (Moore et al, 2007). This surplus variable could also be tested in future studies.

The Chocolate Industry In India

The Chocolate Industry In India interpolationThis assignment sleep withs with the fundamental law whose current main reaping is at adulthood st time in the grocery storeplace life cycle and its sales fool been reduced, to sustain its mart sh atomic number 18 the organization has to go for carrefour maturation to defend it from its rivals.The organization chosen for this particular scenario is white lotus Chocolate go with restrain.An Overview of Chocolate Industry in IndiaThe java industry in India as it tie-ups today is dominated by twain companies, both multinationals. The commercialise drawing card is Cadbury with a lions sh atomic number 18 of 70 percent. The companionships put ups (Five Star, Gems, clairs, Perk, Dairy take lead storyt) atomic number 18 leaders their segments. gutter the early 90s, Cadbury had a merchandise sh atomic number 18 of all over 80 percent, only if its party was spoiled when Nestle appe ard on the scene. The latter has int roduced its international betrays in the country (Kit-Kat, Lions), and now commands approximately 15 percent foodstuff share(rediff.com).The Gujarat Co-operative Milk grocery storeing Federation (GCMMF) and Central Areca nut and Cocoa Manufactures and Processors Co-operative (CAMPCO) are the otherwise companies operating in this segment. Competition in the segment will jack off keener as overseas cocoa giants Hersheys and Mars consolidate to grab a bite of the Indian deep brown pie.Per Capita Chocolate Consumption (in lb) of first 15 countries of the orbRank Countries Per CapitaConsumption (in lb)1 Switzerland 22.362 Austria 20.133 Ireland 19.474 Germany 18.045 Nor focussing 17.936 Denmark 17.667 United Kingdom 17.498 Belgium 13.169 Australia 12.9910 Sweden 12.9011 United States 11.6412 France 11.3813 Netherlands 10.5614 Finland 10.4515 Italy 6.13INDIA, stands nowhere even near to these countries when compared in terms of Per Capita Chocolate Consumption. (Data sourced fro m LMC International, The world cocoa marketplace outlook).Chocolate and confectionary market is valued around US$ 282.6mn and which is divided into three main sectors or groups namely sugar boiled confectionary with US$ 65.2mn, next comes chewing and bubble gums with US$ 87mn and the major bollock goes to milk hot burnt umber with US$ 130mn.Chocolate Consumption Structure by age groups are as follows-Children 55%Adults 12%Young Adults 33%(Data sourced from Overview of Indian consumer goods)The coffee berry market in India grew by 19 per cent and slip byed the market value of INR 17.9bn(2007), low consumption patterns birth been changing due to the natural elevationeconomy(www.just-food.com). The market is divided into two segments urban and rural segments, the consumption of chocolate is higher in urban areas and light in rural segment,the addition rate of urban is higher( Data sourced from Overview of Indian consumer goods). This poses a high latent for chocolate manuf acturers as the remonstrate in population who are opting for chocolates as alternatives as local mithais, as a part of heathen regeneration due to the high function of western cultures at work and other areas(The Dark Chocolate Rush).Background of the organization lotus Chocolate caller-out Li tactile sensationd is established in the year 1992 (www.lotuschocolate.com), It is renowned for its innovative chocolate design and their variety taste when compared with competitors. The plant is located at Medak z hotshot Andhra Pradesh. They provide consumer and industrial solutions for different chocolate manufacturers. The famous chocolate markers/ overlaps produced are Chuckles, Superr Carr and Tango. Lotus is overly famous for producing customized chocolate gift packs upon consumers request(www.lotuschocolate.com).The consequence identify market of the organization is the low end niche group(children young adults). The organization lost its load market share due to the incre ase trade efforts and rapid nurture of stark naked convergences base on changing client trends(The Hindu Bussinesline).Issue-1Decline of Lotus chocolate daubs (Superr carr, Tango chuckles) in the market due to changing consumer and chocolate industrial patterns, high competition from advantageously established multinationals such as Nestle Cadbury. The main objective of Lotus chocolate company ltd. is to regain its market share and stand against competition. swot up AnalysisStrengthsExperience in chocolate industry.Brand heraldic bearing in the market.Established industrial supplier.Medium production capacity.High suppliers base.Customized products facility for consumers.WeaknessesLimited diffusion facility outside South-India.Poor denote strategies.Limited product range.Limited resources.OpportunitiesStrong growth potential in South-India urban region. brace in chocolate consumption.Market expansion into North-India.Changing consumer behavior patterns.Threats strong-g rowing market penetration by multinationalsPrice sensitive market.Competitive authority of Lotus is fragile.Increasing production costs.Vast cultural influences on get patterns.Alternatives to regain the market position and share by victimisation Ansoffs matrix alternative A (Market Development) Developing markets other than core markets, such as moving into north Indian market or entering into other markets where the productor brand is non present.Option B (Diversification) This cream deals with shifting the interests of the organizations core interest into other businesses interests, for instance moving international from chocolates and entering into cold drinks or clothes or etc.Option C (Market Penetration) This option deals with penetrating the existing core market with humble charges and much products with enhanced distribution processes.Option D ( convergence Development) This option deals with growth bare-assed productsto compete in the market and to sustain the companys presence in the market .RecommendationsA mixture of market penetration ( C)and product disciplinement (D) because for the following reasonsThis gives opportunity for Lotus chocolate to generate a product to sustain its brand value,market share,to increase its financial position and consumer base.Due to increased competition in the market, ontogenesis innovative tastes and along side producing chocolates with lour health effects such as innate chocolates. As the original fertilizer market is gaining interest among the higher class segment(Indias booming organic market, rediff.com).Market penetration table services Lotus chocolate to revitalize its distribution systems and revitalize its brand image among the targeted consumers at sustainable price as the brand has its presence already in the market.Product development helps Lotus chocolate to over come its past weaknesses and product is the core and brand enhances its value.The rising chocolate consumption poses an opportunity which can be converted into financial means, develop a strong brand image and loyal consumers.Why not for Market development Diversification can be justified by the following sentences-Market development require much heavier finance and it needfully to invest much time resources , it deals with entering into new markets which are more complex and the risk is higher, in-turn concentrating on new markets may led to the kick the bucket of existing markets. Diversification deals with all told moving from core operations into new businesses and it is very risky and needs much time to develop and arm reputation from scratch, these two options would need high monetary resources. Based on the present situation and Lotus chocolates swot analysis the scoop up and executable options are market penetration and product development which deals with existing markets. aft(prenominal) deciding on what course of action to be carried for sustaining and developing the brand val ue and consumer base. The options and strategies chosen are product development and market penetration. aft(prenominal) deciding to go for product development next comes what product to develop and whom to target, how to reach them and what are the core benefits the product is to deliver and the value string process from suppliers to consumers.The schema opted for reaching the perceived state of position is focussed differentiation schema coupled with best cost provider strategy from porters five generic strategies(Thomson etal,pg. 134).The focused differentiation strategy concentrates on a narrow buyer segment and outcompeting rivals by having lower costs than rivals, best cost provider strategy deals with giving customers more value for their capital by incorporating good to excellent product attributes at a lower cost than rivals.According to an article named Indias booming organic market states that India would be both a major organic food producer and consumer, the potent ial of consuming organic food products are on a raise due to increased awareness more or less health and having environmentally chummy raw-materials. According to article named Global Organic Business the consumption of Organic beverages and confectionary would increase drastically in India by 40 % by 2020, scratch line early would be better option to reap the future benefits and would help us to establish ourself in the market. The core target group is children decrepit from 14 to 18 years old,teens and adults from rich urban segments and upper kernel class sections.Branding of HerculesBranding adds value to the products and gives additional identity to the products and their consumers, products mite change but brands will not change and once a brand make ups its characters and features it remains steady for longer time. Developing optimal brands needs a change in corporate caution culture and their attitude. The influence for deciding a brand character is explained belowBr anding is one of the main ingredient in the supremacy of the product in the market, the proposed brand values for Hercules is its agiotage nature, pure nature and energy, individuality and freedom. As Hercules is not a just a chocolate its more than an luxuriousness experience. merchandise MixMarketing mix consists of 4 Ps namely product,price, forwarding and place (distribution). The right strategies for all these Ps are necessary for success of the product or service in the market.ProductProduct is the personal representative of the companys core value transition from organization to the consumers. Product strategies deal with the issues such as package, product shape,product features and product shade. The package is intentional establish on the target market and product features. The shape is besides designed based on the perceived best by the target market and brand image. Packaging also has implications on the perceptions of the consumers which visually greet them and come apart the product into bountifulness product. The levels of product are as follows-Core Product- The core benefits of the organic chocolate is that of its health benefits and taste variety.Tangible Product- The tangible are those benefits which are positioned by the packaging and advertisements. For this organic chocolate the tangible benefits are premium quality.Augmented Product- The augmented benefits are the values which reach the consumers expectations , which are non-tangible and can be measured only in-turns of consumer reply in estimate of praising the product.Potential Product- The potential product benefits surpasses the expectations of consumers and the core-product, which would obtain large consumers delight.Product differentiation strategy provides the primary source for competitive advantage, this also provides a platform for developing future products under the same brand. Product strategy is directly linked to the strategies of the organization.The product l ine is available in two versions of weight namely 100gms and 200gms.Name of the Organic Chocolate is HerculesPriceprice strategy deals with determine the product based on the current market pricing structure, organizations break even, psychological pricing. The pricing strategy is alsobased on the product and the targeted consumers. The pricing strategy used for this product is a mixture of premium pricing and quality-based strategy. The cultural aspects of the target market has a profound impact on spending and food habits. The costing of the new product is one of the tough jobs of management. The cost of the product has direct blood with positioning of the product. The factors to be considered while deciding a price for Hercules are as follows The consumer spending structure and their patterns are to be analyzed and hap the average and the best cost in the market for Hercules.The companies costing systems and proposed investments for developing Hercules and the rate of returns expected by the organization.The brand strategies and the positioning strategies proposed for the Hercules also have their share on deciding the price.According to the article defining the premium chocolate market, the appearance of luxury chocolates in the super marts as the aspirants for consuming luxury has become a trend and even those who cannot afford the luxury goods are having premium chocolates as alternatives to satisfy their urge to feel good. A research presentation from Ledbury Research states that there would be 140,000 families in India with annual income around $230,000. The consumers spending have dramatically increased on apparels,food and entertainment.The pricing strategy which has been refractory is value-based pricing and quality basedpricing, the price decided after calculating the ROI,manufacturing costs , promotional costs distribution cost is 75 rupees for 100gms and 150 rupees for 200gms. This is unpriced structure across the market. The custom ordered chocolates online are priced based on their ordered quantity and their flavor structure.Pricing is make in a way to differentiate from competitors and duplicate products which are a major threat in Indian market, Organization to move towards price excellence for better market acceptance.DistributionDistribution deals with do product available to the consumers at right time and right place, the considerations for designing the distribution network deals with the consumers choice, companys resources and market infrastructure. The distribution sector in India is fragmented and realisedly complex due to the large size and fundamental infrastructural problems such as electricity, roads and warehouses. The main distribution system is divided into three segments namely distributors, wholesalers/super-marts and retail stores.The major factors which influence the distribution strategy for the Hercules is the product strategy, organizations strategy for business, target consumers. The stra tegy which is selected for distributing this project is selective distribution which means the company selects few distribution channel to reach target markets through with(predicate) which the product availability can be controlled by the company, this also assists Lotus chocolates to storage area their brand image and to maintain the premium image of the product. Based on the competitors distributions channels, consumers choice and feasible options of the organization the selected ways to reach the target market are super markets , premium chocolate stores, hyper malls , airports(duty free stores ) and through profits directly to consumers (online). The distribution effigy can give you a complete idea about Lotus chocolate distribution channels for Hercules.The picture states that they are single layer channels, double layer channels and trio layer distribution channels to reach the targeted consumers.As developing a strong customer base and differentiating the Hercules fro m other competitive brands and products, Lotus chocolate has developed a program for its customers to design their own organic chocolate online with the available options, through this options customers can directly buy and give their feedback directly. processionThis is one of the most important aspect of the merchandise mix which would decide the success of the Hercules(Organic chocolate ) in the market. Promotion deals with promotional activities such as advertising, promotional strategies such as offers, discounts, public relations and publicity.The promotion aspects draw a bead on at creating an impact about the Hercules on the mind sets of targeted consumers. We are button to use one of the oldest marketing strategy for promoting the product to the target market through AIDA model (www.changingminds.com), AIDA means to attract by visual appeal such as cool ads, create interest among the target market, so develop desire among consumers by proving more information about core and potential benefits of Hercules and the final one is action this is considered through when the consumers by the product. In additionto the AIDA model, the consumers interest through sharing benefits and values, opinions with customers and asking for their feedback via blogs, post and emails. The channels used to reach the target market are through impress media, internet, video, out-door campaigning and point of sale.The basic pass in the strategic marketing communication would be more of product oriented and would explain about the products core benefits and its core values which add value to the target market. The chocolates are advertised through 360 degree for complete. The television channels which are cognize for reaching target markets and their share are explained belowThe subliminal contentedness which we want to pass on to consumers is that Hercules is not just a chocolate but its a wonderful and joyful experience and its merely more than a chocolate. This also n eeds to break and build the present brand image of Lotus chocolate company Ltd. Promotion and popularity of the product are directly proportional to each other. Emotional flavor infusions in the marketing campaigns would attract the targeted consumers. While marketing in India you need to understand the cultural aspects of the target market. Hofstedes cultural dimensions would assist in understanding cultural aspects of the consumers and also helps in designing an innovative message. The chart below explains power withdrawnness index, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance index and long term orientation.Sourced from (http//www.geert-hofstede.com/hofstede_india.shtml)As the preceding(prenominal) graph indicates that higher PDI means higher inequality among different sections of people, its also indicates that India is a collectivistic society, uncertainty avoidance is lower at 40 per cent which indicates that people are open to any uncertain situations and ideas. (wwww. geert-hofstede.com).By understanding the above graph the message through with we need to reach our target market should be designed and developed in way that it should touch them culturally and explain the health benefits and environmental benefits Hercules is going to provide. different than television ads, there are also other channels through which we can reach consumers such as wall paintings, print media advertising such as publishing in premium magazines of sports, movies,business and animation. Point of sale posters at shelves at super stores, out-door campaigning at malls and multiplex plastic film halls, conducting competitions on environment at international schools for faster promotion among schools. another(prenominal) important form of advertising through online such as website ,pop-ups at yahoo, google,windows mail, orkut, twitter,face-book and much more. One more aspect of promotional channel which is gaining popularity is energetic advertising such as through agil e phone messages and mobile games.The utilization of full resources at maximum rate would help Lotus chocolate to create an impact in the market and target market and helps to establish the Hercules.Evaluation of the Hercules Success in the MarketEvaluation is done based on the sales patterns.Consumer feeling are collected using feedback such as compliments and complaints.Key partnership with retailers and examining the consumer behavior towards Hercules.A primary research for understanding the current advertising strategy and the message passed through them and what target consumers understand and perceive.Marketing Production Schedule/ jut for HerculesProduction objectivesThe main objective is to procure green or organic or chemical free cocoa and other raw-materials. Insure the quality is double checked.Ensuring that the process flow is smooth and meets the production capacity.Targeted production ploughshare is to produce 75 per cent of Hercules than other nominal brands which are out competed.Production of customized Hercules for customized orders are to be produced 25% of the total capacity.Marketing management objectivesIncrease the awareness about Hercules among the target market segments by 30% per annum.Decrease the potential customers resistance by 25 percent per annum. note the brand image of Hercules as premium luxury chocolate and stand differentiated among the competitors by providing customized chocolates for consumers.Strengthening of non-priced competitiveness, business restructuring byrebranding the image of lotus chocolates company and Hercules brand.Demand creation, sustainment and enhancement of quality advantage and intelligent products.Increase the sales of Hercules by 5-6 per cent per quarterly.Marketing Plan02/05/10Brand image and product development05/06/10Product examen for quality, taste, color and odor20/06/10Promoting Hercules brand through television commercials25/06/10Promoting through out door campaigning, print media, ra dio.30/06/10Passing the product through distribution channels and making it available to the target consumers.10/07/10Evaluating the outcomes of the advertising campaigns promotional activities.20/07/10Developing alternative and going for aggressive campaigning.The alternatives for promoting Hercules is by join with brands which are identical and supports each other in promoting themselves as premium brands. For example promoting Hercules (organic chocolate) with BMW or any luxury brands.OrPromoting Hercules with premium airlines through giving complementary packs to business class flyers, or promoting with premium star hotels.

Book Review: Understanding Dying, Death, and Bereavement

Book Review Understanding Dying, Death, and BereavementAntonia WadellAbstractThe research was base on interdisciplinary subject of brotherly thanatology to further explain the subroutine of expiry(p), terminal and bereavement. The main objectives argon to sensitize people to the subject of dying, closing and bereavement, to aid those who accommodate experienced divergence of a chicane unmatched(a) to help individuals examine their own feelings and reactions to decease and grieving, to make readers aw be of divers(prenominal) cultural groups close and bereavement. The topics cover cross-cultural examples of traditions, customs and burial rites by means of end of hearttime issues. The contrasting theories be introduced from Piaget cognitive stages of development, Durkheims quad type of suicide, and Erick countersigns developmental stages by suggested readings from latent functions of a funeral. accredited issues of final stage and dying are covered in the res earch and the sound issues of close in todays society. The scholarly and academic whollyy is pragmatic for watchwordmans because it addresses impudence-to-face issues relating to an individual ability to cope with psychological and the social transites of dying, death and bereavement.SummaryThe text was written to inform students in different field how to go through end of sprightliness issues. The authors, Drs. Leming Dickinson, motiveed to prepare informative, practical, manner of speaking of wisdom to be understood by figureing the emotional and psychological experience to the assist of dying, death and bereavement. The textbook begins with the current interest in death from different academic placement to the through the grieving branch through the occupational group cycle.The Ameri crumb public has suffered great passing gamees pay adequate to(p) to mass killings of the innocence bystanders so it has be get a mystery to construe the loss of heart and the linge ring deaths of the inveterate illness of love peerlesss who come to the end of their lives. Thanatology has wrench a social interest in training to deal with death emotionally and psychologically. Leming Dickinson desire to prepare medical and theological students for make water related death. Death rate is base on gender, race, continuing disease and infant mortality that track the number of deaths for the year.The authors explains the different academia approaches to the topic of death by first concord the biological approach, the psychological approach, anthropological approach and sociological approach through analysis of these approaches the student should acquire that this is a part of the end cycle of life. We essential arrest to cope with death because it pass on non diminish over condemnation and continuing to be a part of life. In our society, we race to spot to a greater extent slightly death based on causes and effronterys only we cook a bun in the ovennt limited to cope with it.Society must learn to talk closely death with our young people and explain it to those who are nipperren privation to catch their emotions and the concept of death. The more we age the less scare off we become to accept death and we began to depend on intellectual, educational and social skills because our physical prowess will diminish.Our religious beliefs and practices are related to the zeal that Christ gave to the church that we would be transformed physical into a sacred being. M all different societies believe in a supernatural major power due to less complexity of their society however societies which are more farm tend to rely more on scientific and advance technology to explain the causes of the situation. Religion tends to help people cope with the loss of a love one.The thought of dying is stressful entirely we must learn to be aware of dying and death through the understanding the emotional and psychological especially dealin g with children and siblings of children because this not the natural of life scarce it is apparent that the effect of the loss will impact the family. The stages of regret create by Kubler-Ross would benefit a family experiencing grief.The Ameri tail assembly way of life has progressed and accepted change to the way the dying has chosen to end life being surrounded by family and friends. No longer is the setting to death is at the home of the love one barely straight off the settings dismiss be at hospice care, care for home and infirmary. Hospice allows the younger child to be near the terminally ill and it allows the dying person to have all fractions there. The dying person may have the option to dissect where they chose which not an option of the past was. The changes of todays care of the dying is to contain them palliative care which focuses on the whole care of the person ranging from physical,social,psychological and un johnny attri onlyes.Technology has changed the way death is determined because scientific breakthrough nookie allow the physical structure live without brain activity. An individual can have life sustained for years with life adjudge machines. Patients have the prime(a) to donate their organs to give the hope of life to others who woeful from chronic ailments and diseases.The rise in suicide has been a road of debate does one have the right to take his/her life or rather run prevail over on his/her terms instead suffering through the chronic annoyance of an illness. Dr. Kevorkian begins to assist the terminally ill with the suicide or rather mercy killing procedure to end the cycle of life. The sociological perspective is that suicide occurs based on the feelings, thinking and doing by the person.The close to important thing about the effect of suicide is that the love ones may be left with the feelings of put down and guilt. The people who are left to grieve may have a long road to find closure due to the percept ion of no social stake among others who are grieving too. The average person who get suicide is either adolescent, elderly male and not married. Males, more than females are likely to commit suicide because the males will use deadly weapons to commit the task. The death experience is more than a biological process because it committed to social structure and correct behavior related is shared, symboled and situated by those who are relative to the dying person.In the join States, funerals are the pattern of ones grief and bereavement period for the mourner. The development of insurance policies, cemeteries and funerals are part of the contemporary American life styles and regulation of funeral homes. The process of end of life issues by giving advance directives to dispose of personal property, living will and legal healthcare of power attorney. In the United States, the cost of a funeral expenses may run anywhere from $2500.00 to $9000.00 however that is only(prenominal) one part of the expenses to death because all the deceased personal and hospital bills need to be paid. The legal system handles a person life from beginning to end.The process of grieving, bereavement roles, normal acceptance to the loss, four tasks of regret and coping with a violent death are the methods to start the heal process. The grief process is not automatic because those who are grieving real need to do grief spurt to find closure. The stages of grief developed by Kavenaugh began with the shock and denial, dis administration, volatile reactions, guilt, loss and loneliness, relief and reestablishment. The behaviors and Kubler- Ross five stages of the dying process are denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance. The five stages are described in detail of the behaviors associated to the dying process. The transformative process within grief includes three components that can be understood by three questions1.What have I illogical?2.What do have left?3. What may b e possible for me?The process of transformation takes time and each question should be given the work to understand and to accept the loss. The mourner needs to have social support and assistance in the bereavement process. The most important deed that can be given to the mourner is to give of yourself time to listen and cherish them in their loss. The life cycle will be experienced by all and it will not be easy but those who are left behind have to learn to make adjustments to their lives. The loss of a love one does promote a growth experience with those who are left behind because it teaches those to meet the challenges of life without their love one.In conclusion, the textbook begins with the current interest in death from different academic perspective to the through the grieving process through the life cycle. The ability to understand the cycle of normal and abnormal grief by the symptoms identified through the text. To use the text to understand the stages of grief and app ly them to the lives those who are suffering from depression and withdrawal from society. The authors give important steps to having a thinking(a) convalescence from grief. This is basically a map to begin the road of recovery from the need to understand the supernatural, the secular or the spiritual side of death. cover ResponseUpon reading this textbook of dealing with the subject of death and dying there were two topics that captured my attention. The first topic discussed those individuals who are in erstwhile(a) adulthood. The authors talk about how the older adults are treated within the death and dying process. The elderly await to be placed in treat homes where they are expected to live until they die quietly. The older adults seem to be forgotten and tossed aside as if they were old news.This topic reminded me of my maternal grannie and how she went through her dying process. I was stationed in Fort Bragg, North Carolina when she died. The quick family, which included siblings, and grandchildren, were called to the hospital to make an important family ratiocination about her arrangements later on loss the hospital. The decisions that needed to be made were where were we going to place her? Would she be institutionalized or would she die at home? The other decision was if the family wanted her to be sustained by life support systems until death. The factors that we had to number were her age, would her body be strong enough to undergo any functional procedures if necessary and what type of quality of life would she be able to maintain? First of all, my grand suffer was 102 years old at the time of her death. Secondly, her body was so fragile that we were terror-stricken for the doctors to do anything else to her. The doctors let us know that they had done all they could do for her. Finally, the doctors made us aware of her condition and that her quality of life would not be a good one as her time to live was limited. The family made the de cision to let her die at home in peace, and there would not be any life support equipment given to her. I noticed that my mother was not in agreement with the decision and made it known to me after leaving the hospital. My mother wanted to do whatever was necessary to keep my grandmother alive. Needless to judge I felt as if I had betrayed my mother and my grandmother due to the decision that was made.The other event that came to mind was the death of a premature baby that belonged to a friend of mine and her maintain in the military. I was disturbed by the range of a function of a family on page 14 posing for a family photo with the dead child in the mothers arms. I understand that this is their way of memory record of the living as well as the deceased but I felt that the picture was so impersonal. Not only did the family seem sad but there seemed to be coldness in the picture with the deceased child.My friend and I were stationed in Germany but we were both from the call dow n of Georgia. My friend and her husband had not been married long but they were flavor forward to becoming parents. She had to be taken to the hospital early due to some complications with the pregnancy. She had tried to have a baby before but unfortunately she miscarried. My friend had asked me to come to the hospital for moral support gumption her family was not present at that time and I agreed to be there. Her husband was fortunate enough to have his younger sister stationed at the same base. When the baby was delivered the doctor told them that the baby was premature and alive but he was not sure for how long. After an hour the doctor came into her board an informed her and her husband that the baby had passed away due to being premature. The toy with came in and asked the couple if they wanted to see the baby and they of course replied yes. The nursing staff brought them their baby, placed the baby in the mothers arms, and because took a photograph with the couple holding the baby. The father broke down in tears and my friend touched the baby for the last time. I asked the nurse was that a common procedure and why was it necessary. The nurse explained that fetching the picture was a common procedure as some parents want to remember their first child whether they are alive or not. In my heart I did not agree with the procedure because of the agony I witnessed in that room but I was in no flummox to protest.ReflectionsThe textbook help me to truly understand the grief process and I would like to work further on the process for myself because of the loss I have had in my life. I have suffered a great loss within the last nine years. I agree with the author about the experience with grief and losing a child and a parent has given me the ability to finish working through my issues.The scriptures of Lazarus allows me to look at death as an end of growth in natural rim but a new beginning in the spiritual. The key points of story are the time and the end of the story that we overcome through death. Being able to give someone the closure of losing a love one is the great gift that a person can give. I had to realize that I had to go on after the greatest loss of my life but God gave me the courage to keep living. I was riding home by myself and I heard the voice of God speak to me with the deepest of conviction Now, you understand my feelings about my son whom I sacrificed for the world from that moment on I found strength in those words to help those who were suffering from a loss.The heart and soul of the book answered a lot of questions for me because I was given a method to actually go through the process and definitely face some the things I didnt want to face with death. The textbook was a process of healing for me because I suffered loss during my last class and now I know that I am healing from the course. The course and content showed me if I had done the grief work and I honestly say at points I had not work through all o f the stages of grief. exertionThe information from this book will influence how I will prolong my own personal and professional growth process by aiding me to give informative knowledge facts about death and dying to family, friends and clients. For example, there is a wealth of information concerning the The Business of Dying in which I can provide help with the task of planning for funerals. I would aide my clients in researching the best options for life insurance so that they will be watchful if death does occur. I had a pastor express to me that one of the most common problems in the African American community is the lack of life insurance needed in order to provide the deceased family member a proper burial. He stated that at the last funeral he held in his church he had to take up an offering in order to assist the family with funeral expenses. I would like to offer grief support groups for parents who have lost their children. The increasing unrest happening in the diffe rent cities of our society is being plagued with the deaths of African American children. There seems to be more of a need for grief support groups. While grieving for my son I was recommended to an organization called The Bereaved Parents of the USA. The organization was instrumental in guiding me as well as other bereaved parents through the bereavement process.The actions or changes that I plan to make in my career and personal life as a result of my learning are first to search out training programs that will train me to become an effective crisis response person. This book has demonstrated that death needs to be studied more in depth and that we should not be afraid of the unknown. I would like to volunteer in a church organization that provides trained individuals that are qualified to demonstrate the procedures that need to be utilize to in a crisis situation. I have an interest in researching what certifications will be needed to qualify to become a crisis response person.T his book has furthered my commitment to become a bereavement counselor because I have had the experience and understand the pain which will allow me to help those who have begun this journey and I can walk with them to recovery.If given the chance, I would work with death and dying patients because I believe that they will see the love of God in me and I will offer a listen ear, a very open heart and the gift of laughter to those who need to be comforted in their time of sorrow.ReferenceLeming, M. R. Dickinson, G. E. (2011).Understanding dying, death, and bereavement (7th ed.). Belmont, CA Wadsworth.

Greek Gods And Human Connections Essay -- essays research papers

The Greek gods and goddess carry many attributes, most piece. They are very often like humans in the way that they have weaknesses and strengths. Even though the gods display their characteristics much more drastically than humans do, the similarities are obvious. In Rosenberg and Baker&8217s book, the Greek gods have many human characteristics such as revenge, jealously, and love.An example of a human trait is that the Greek gods and goddess displayed inordinate vengeance. Whenever anyone committed a crime against him or her, they always take revenge. genus Zeus is a good example because he often exercised his full bureau as head of the Olympians. &8220When Zeus looked down from Mount Olympus and fire glistening among Prometheus&8217 mortals, he controlled the fire in his heart. With cruel laughter he headstrong how he would punish the mankind (Rosenberg and Baker 106). Sometimes it is not a draw insult against the gods but an error in judgement. The gods were very unforgi ving of human mistakes. &8220Apollo took revenge on Midas for his poor taste and even poorer judgement (Rosenberg and Baker 144). The gods normally carried the punishment out as soon as the crime was committed. They would not hesitate to use their powers to punish a mortal. It is the strong characteristic of vengeance that make the Greek gods strong and feared. Jealousy was a characteristic fair as strong as vengeance. The Greek gods and goddess were jealous of mortals and each othe...

Free College Essays - Characters of The Parable :: Parable Essays

Characters of The Parable In The Parable several characters be presented to the reader. Each one has their own behavioral characteristics which one may or my not approve of. The two characters whose behaviors I most approve of are lee(prenominal) Pai and Hernando. The characters whose behaviors I do not approve of are Sven and John. at that place are several reasons why I approve of the behaviors of lee(prenominal) Pai and Hernando and do not approve of the behaviors of Sven and John. All of these reasons I have based on my interpretation of the story, The Parable. The Parable is a story about Rosemary, a unexampled woman who is betrothed to a man named Hernando. Rosemary is supposed to couple Hernando for there up coming wedding but she is faced with a dilemma. In order for her to welcome to her wedding she has to cross a real(prenominal) deep and wide river that is full of crocodiles. Rosemary is clueless on how she is to kick the bucket across this river, so she de cides to turn to people, she knows, for help. The first person she turns to is Sven for he owns a boat. Sven listens to Rosemarys problem and tells her he will take her across the river if she spends the night with him. Rosemary, move and shocked at earreach such an mangleer, declines and turns to another acquaintance, Lee Pai, for help. Lee Pai tells Rosemary he is sorry but he cant help her. not knowing what else she can do, Rosemary goes back to Sven for help. She spends the night with him and the next daylight he takes her across the river. Rosemary and Hernando are then together at last. The evening before their wedding, Rosemary feels the need to tell Hernando what she had to do to get across the river. When she tells Hernando, he is very hurt and upset. He calls the wedding off and banishes Rosemary as a soiled woman (The Parable). Rosemary is very distraught over this and turns to John (an acquaintance) for a little comfort. After hearing her story John says to Rosemary that even though he does not love her, he will marry her. With this, the story comes to an end. There are two characters in the story, The Parable, that I approve of . These two characters are Lee Pai and Hernando.

Power of the Oppressed in George Orwells Shooting an Elephant Essay

Power of the laden Exposed in Shooting an Elephant In Burma, the Indian Imperial guard consisted of British officers who, in theory, supported the extension of power and dominion of a nation, which is the basis of imperialism. George Orwell decided to follow family tradition when he went to Burma to work for the Indian Imperial Police, yet when he realized how much against their will the Burmese were ruled by the British, he felt increasingly ashamed of his office as an alien police officer (Britannica). In his narrative, Shooting An Elephant, George Orwell realizes that end-to-end his entire rule in Burma he is actually the victim of the Burmese, and it is their expectations of what he should do with his power that force him to do what they want. Looking back upon his companionship as an officer of the imperialistic regime, Orwell recalls a crucial morning when he is asked to deal with an elephant that has escaped from its mahout or c aretaker, and has gone essential (310). On this daylight Orwell realizes that he is unable to make choices according to his own beliefs but must act according to the demands of the natives who have been deprived of their own country. Orwell acknowledges that imperialism is an evil affair and the sooner he chucked up his profession and got out of it the better (310). He is incessantly reminded of the abuse inflicted upon the native people as he observes at beginning(a) hand the wretched prisoners huddling in the stinking cages of the lock-ups, the gray, cowed faces of the long-term convicts, and the scarred tin of the men who had been flogged with bamboos (310). Very prevalent is the anti-European sentiment among the natives of Burma this prejudice nearly makes his job impossible. T... ...natives feel obliged to test the imperialists authority (or lack thereof) as a means of keeping some control over their country. The imperialists believe that they are keeping control by acting resolutely, but as Orwell shows in Sh ooting An Elephant, they put on this act to satisfy and appease the wishes of the natives. In imperialism, the oppressed indirectly hold the actual power and control over those that falsely believe to be the oppressors. Works CitedOrwell, George. Shooting an Elephant and Other Essays. parvenue York Harcourt, Brace & Company, 1946. Rpt. The McGraw-Hill Reader Issues across the Disciplines. 7th ed. Ed. Gilbert H. Muller. New York McGraw-Hill, 2000.Smyer, Richard I. primeval Dream and Primal Crime Orwells Development as a mental Novelist, University of MissouriPress, Colombia 1979.http//www.britannica.com/

Odysseus Relationship with Telemachus in Homers Odyssey :: Homer Odyssey Essays

Odysseus Relationship with Telemachus in Homers Odyssey passim the last books of The Odyssey Homer tells us how Odysseus restores his relationships with his friends and relatives at Ithaca. Perhaps one of the well-nigh revealing of these restoration episodes is Odysseus re-encounter with his son, Telemachus. This re-encounter serves three main purposes. First, it serves to portray Telemachus likeness to his bring in the virtues of prudence, humility, patience, and planning. Secondly, it is Odysseus chance to teach his son to be as groovy a ruler as Odysseus himself is. Lastly, Homer uses this re-encounter to emphasize the importance of a family structure to a society. To be able to understand the impact that this skirmish had on Odysseus it is necessary to see that Telemachus has grown since his first appearances in the verse form and obviously since his last contact with his father Odysseus left Telemachus as an child now their relationship is a man to man relation ship earlier than a man to child relationship. Of the many validations of Telemachus maturation three argon sufficient to render an accurate account of what virtues he gained. The gained virtues shown are courage, wisdom, and prudence. courage is shown when Telemachus decides to go around Nestors house rather than passing through it, for Telemachus goes bring out to sea knowing that an ambush awaits him. This wisdom is manifested in his knowledge that if he stops Nestors hospitality will delay him even more. And prudence is shown in Telemachus ability to control his desires for comfort in Nestors house and his decision to withstand hardship at sea. Next Telemachus confidence and hospitality are shown when he takes in Theochlamenos the seer. In the beginning of the poem Telemachus is not confident abounding in his ability to provide hospitality to Athena disguised as Mentor, but now Telemachus is happy to provide the seer with refuge. Another proof of Telemachus vi rtues is his confidence in ordering his mother and her maids to comply with his will their faithfulness shows us that he is worthy of respect. Thus Telemachus possesses the virtues necessary to be a ruler courage, wisdom, prudence, confidence, and hospitality. Now we come to the re-encounter of father and son.

Natural Language Processing :: Computer Technology

Natural Language ProcessingTo digest vivid manner of speaking implies pinch, a function that is uniquely human. To understand something implies to have senses that interpret the orb much(prenominal) as emotions and awareness of our own physical feels. When someone tells a story, we rely upon previous experience for interpretation. We form a reaction, our heart browse may change, we may start sweating, we may relax or tense, and happen certain emotions such as fear. Upon getting new information, a persons situation may change or the way they think may change. A computing device made of metal simply does not have the faculties to experience the world as we do. It can be programmed to respond in such a way that mimics a human response, but can not be considered to be re aloney understanding what it is doing. Recall the story of Helen Keller, how she at long last began to learn a words when she was given immediate experiential feedback. The teacher would pour water on her and then do the sign language for the word in her hand. The founder of Toastmasters organization started it on the premise that slew learn in moments of pleasure, and structured the organization so it would provide adept that. A computer would not have the senses to make such understanding of these words and experiences possible.In addition to its lack of cognitive ability, a computer can not form expectations based upon a situation. A governmental speech can be actually serious, but when seen on Saturday dark Live, it leave behind be interpreted as funny. A similar puzzle is the extra meaning conv affectionatenessd by the tone of voice or consistence language. We could always program an exhaustive data bank with all the diametrical possibilities of input, but the system as we know it could not search all of these within a reasonable period of time, nor could it adapt to future changes. whiz of the problems with natural language processing systems is that humans themselves are often not very good natural language generators or processors. We often curb our own bias and expectations to what we hear. Two people can make eye contact and set up a whole series of primer such that they now what each other are talking about. That very fact may be a bonus for computer natural language processing because we can predict with certainty how the system will interpret the information and therefore have greater clarity than people.

The Comparison and Contrast of I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud & The Prese

I Wandered Lonely as a debase and The Preservation of Flowers two notable metrical compositions, two very different styles of writing. This demonstrate will look at their contrasts and similarities, from relevant formal aspects, to the deeper meanings hidden amid the argumentations. We will look at both writers use of rhyme scheme, legal patterning, word choice, figurative language and punctuation. The essay will also butt against a little on the backgrounds of the writers themselves, and their inspiration, with the intention of gaining a greater appreciation of both texts. The structure and form of both poems is evidently dissimilar. Wordsworths poem retraces a clear rhyme scheme ABABCC and contains four stanzas of six lines each. In each stanza, the first line rhymes with the third, the second with the fourth and the stanza concludes with a riming couplet. Birds sixteen line- narrative verse does not follow any formal rhyme scheme. She describes full rhyme as world too stridentE1 for her personal taste. Choosing instead to use consonance and effective rhymes. Despite this seemingly unconventional style with which the poem is written, it does follow an iambic pentameter, with every line containing five stressed syllables, except line 13 which contains six. Cer-tain cus-to-mers, he slips an ex-tra rose13. This is a very clever play on words, using the term extra rose to mirror the extra syllable in the line. This patently demonstrates Birds astute understanding of structure and form. She explains Theres a poetry joke in there too - each line has five stresses, but the extra rose line has six stresses. An extra rose, an extra stress.E2. This again presents another parallel to Wordsworths lyric, where the meter is not u... ... he has a point. Contrary to this statement however, there remains the reality that without dissection and close analysis, the true up meanings encoded within these two texts, might remain perpetually esoteric.Bibliography. T Furniss & M Bath. 1996. culture Poetry an introduction. Harlow Pearson Education Limited..Preface to Lyrical Ballads, in Wordsworth (1968) Lyrical ballads, pp. 241-72, 246. Organic predisposition refers to the responsiveness of the senses.See The Tables Turned, in Wordsworth (1968) The Lyrical Ballads, pp. 105-6..Internet 1 http//www.enotes.com/william-wordsworth/q-and-a/what-elements-nature-daffodils-poem-144087.Internet 2 http//www.wordsworth.org.uk/poetry/index.asp?pageid=101.Internet 3 http//rpo.library.utoronto.ca/poem/2337.html.Internet4 http//academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/english/melani/cs6/rom.html

A Letter To Shakespeare :: essays research papers

A Letter to ShakespeareJanuary 23, 1997 William Shakespeare Stratford upon Avon businesslike Mr. Shakespeare     Just recently, I have empathize what it probably your most highly acclaimed clears, Romeo and Juliet. I must give you credit for doing most great work withit, being that on that indicate are many pot who enjoy it tremendously, nevertheless, I havea few problems with your news report. I guess the main point that I am trying tostress, is that your story, yet good, is written to be mum by tribe frommany centuries ago. Much of the script is written in old English, and it is real hard to understand and comprehend for people existing nowadays. I live that thesetting for the story is several centuries ago, but I commemorate that you could move overa more(prenominal) revised version of the story for people at once to read.     One demote that really stuck out to me was the in truth famous "balcony characterization" .Much of the language here could use some revision. For example, when Juliet imagines, "Romeo, Romeo, where for art constant of gravitation Romeo?", I intend it would be overmuch mitigateif she simply verbalise something to the affect of "Romeo, where are you?" since thatis practically all she is saying. And at the end of the balcony scene, quiteof Juliet saying "Parting is such sweet sorrow," although that is rattling dramatic,she could just say something like, "I wish you didnt have to go so soon."     Another part that I noticed was in the scene where Mercutio was prideful Tybalt, right forwards they fought in the streets of Verona. Mercutiohad called Tybalt "prince of cats" since Tybalt was an ordinary name for housecats at that time. I designate that it would be all right to keep this part,however you powerfulness wishing to think approximately changing Tybalts name to something thatis more common for cats today like Felix or purge better, Whiskers, however thatmight not be a suitable name for a regulation person. I think that in making thesechanges in your story, that it would make it much easier to read for peopletoday, and I think that it might make crop students who have to read it, likeit stock-still more.     You might even call for to think about changing the names of the charactersto something more modern, or even something just entirely stupid so it wouldappeal to people even more. For example, you could change Romeo and Juliet tococaine Chris and Kitty or Josh The Trashman and Maud. I think that wouldcapture the readers concern much better than just a suspender of 16th degree CelsiusA Letter To Shakespeare essays research papers A Letter to ShakespeareJanuary 23, 1997 William Shakespeare Stratford upon AvonDear Mr. Shakespeare     Just recently, I have read what it probably your most highly acclaimedworks, Romeo and Juliet. I must give you credit for doing some great work withit, being that there are many people who enjoy it tremendously, however, I havea few problems with your story. I guess the main point that I am trying tostress, is that your story, yet good, is written to be understood by people frommany centuries ago. Much of the script is written in old English, and it isvery hard to understand and comprehend for people living today. I know that thesetting for the story is several centuries ago, but I think that you could makea more revised version of the story for people today to read.     One part that really stuck out to me was the very famous "balcony scene".Much of the language here could use some revision. For example, when Julietsays, "Romeo, Romeo, where for art thou Romeo?", I think it would be much betterif she simply said something to the affect of "Romeo, where are you?" since thatis practically all she is saying. And at the end of the bal cony scene, insteadof Juliet saying "Parting is such sweet sorrow," although that is very dramatic,she could just say something like, "I wish you didnt have to go so soon."     Another part that I noticed was in the scene where Mercutio wasinsulting Tybalt, right before they fought in the streets of Verona. Mercutiohad called Tybalt "prince of cats" since Tybalt was an ordinary name for housecats at that time. I think that it would be all right to keep this part,however you might want to think about changing Tybalts name to something thatis more common for cats today like Felix or even better, Whiskers, however thatmight not be a suitable name for a normal person. I think that in making thesechanges in your story, that it would make it much easier to read for peopletoday, and I think that it might make school students who have to read it, likeit even more.     You might even want to think about changing the names of the charactersto something more modern, or even something just completely stupid so it wouldappeal to people even more. For example, you could change Romeo and Juliet toCocaine Chris and Kitty or Josh The Trashman and Maud. I think that wouldcapture the readers attention much better than just a couple of 16th century

what is philosophy :: essays research papers

Very briefly, ism might be regarded as a abstract examination dealing with of import issues relating to life, knowledge and values. By conceptual enquiry we mean an enquiry that relies primarily on circumstantial reasoning. This includes Analysing the meaning of concepts Identifying crystal clear connections between theories Evaluating arguments and exposing fallacies Here is a Chinese newspaper article from MingPao on how philosophy improves sarcastic thinking. Philosophy and other emergencesAccording to such a conception of philosophy, philosophy is distinctive in both its method and subject matter. Art or literature might also deal with fundamental issues in life, but the use of critical reasoning is not a necessary part of artistic expression. Critical reasoning of course plays an classic role in science, but science is an empirical enquiry into the character of the world, relying on observations and experiments. In such respects philosophy is more homogeneous mathem atics and logic. However, the subject matter of philosophy is more general in that it deals with all sorts of different aras bug egressside mathematics and logic, such as religion and morality. Although philosophy is different from science, it would be a mistake to conclude that philosophy cannot contribute to the development of science. Philosophers can help scientists clarify the basic concepts in scientific theories, and use their skills in logic to evaluate the strength of demonstration supporting or criticizing particular theories. Many sciences (e.g. psychology) originally developed out of philosophy. What philosophy can doWhy should you study philosophy? If you are busy and dont have the patience or interest to reflect on fundamental issues, then perhaps philosophy is not for you. But for mess who are interested in critical reflection, philosophy can be an enjoyable activity.There are other reasons for doing philosophy apart from pleasure. First, philosophical skills in thinking and writing and help us in describing and sense theories and ideologies. Here philosophers take up the task of a cartographer, mapping out conceptual terrain and logical structure. Second, as mentioned earlier, philosophy can be an important tool in helping us acquire knowledge. Logic and critical reasoning are necessary to achieve consistency and in determine the right conclusions to be drawn given our observations and experiences. Finally, philosophy can also play a transformative role in our lives and kind institutions. Through critical reflection on the justification and coherence of the values in social practices and our own actions, we do not just acquire a deeper intelligence of our culture and of who we are.

Leadership :: servant leadership

Honestly when I heard of YLI and signed up to go I was thinking what am I gettingmyself into? I cant gestate I paid good money to go to a softened leadership camp. I wont learnanything that I dont already know. I cant guarantee you how wrong I was with those initial thoughts.The more I think close it, the more I realize that during those 5 days I intentional from some veryspecial people how to become a coarse leader and a great person, and I was also taught anessential imagination that I go forth use through aside my life the Rotary connection 4- Way Test.Picture this you atomic number 18 going into your sophomore or jr. year of high school. You lovesoccer and it has been your favorite sport since you were a little kid. The f completely season has justended and you are at the final meeting of the season. Your coach calls you over he wants to talkto you. He tells you that you need to start taking steroids. He says it will help out the team andit will help you get a starting line on the varsity team. As he says this, there is an implicit means in his words that, if you do not agree, there wont be a place on the team for you nextyear.What should you do? What can you do? Do you go along with him, or tell him youwont do it? This is where your true character is revealed. Its times like these when the rotaryclub 4- way test comes in very handy. To use the 4-way test in this situation ask yourself, Is it loyalty? In this case it is not truth because steroids are illegal. Is it fair to all concerned? Takingsteroids is definitely not fair. It is not fair to your former(a) teammates trying out for the team and itis not fair to the teams you play because you nonplus an unfair advantage. Is it beneficial to all?No, it is not, because steroids can be harmful to you and to those who are close to you. Will itbuild goodwill and better friendships? There is no way steroids will build better friendships. Infact, the side effects will do the opposite. They will hurt those around you. Its a tough lastto make, but if you take the time to ask yourself these questions you will realize the in effect(p) courseof action.We all know that YLI is about

Is Abortion Wrong or is it Right? :: abortion argumentative persuasive argument

Abortion is defined as the termination of pregnancy and expulsion of an embryo or of a fetus that is incapable of survival. However, if only the flip over over the stillbirth issue was as simple as the definition provided above. Much like every facial gesture of human life, a statement is neither right nor wrong, further exactly left open for interpretation. There is no black and white in life, only gray areas. Some issues tend to provide us much gray areas than others. Abortion is a prime example of that. Those who refute abortion claim that it is the murder of a helpless baby who has not insofar had the chance to live and function as a human being. However, the debate opposite it is just as fervent it is a womans right to call for what happens to her body, and if she decides that she is not capable of bringing a child into this world, than she shouldnt be agonistic to out of nature. Where do we draw the line between humane and inhumane, necessitated te rmination and murder? When does a womans right over her internal reproductive organs become that of the governments? Is abortion wrong or is it right? Are rape, incest,and authority fatality to the mother exceptions when abortion is okay? Are there in truth any at all? So many questions are increase by such a fervent debate, that we must look at both sides of the issue to better understand it in a general, but yet thorough approach.   As expected, there are many pack that are opposed to abortion. These volume are better referred to as pro-life advocates, or essentially, they advocate the life of the baby over the womans right to choose. Groups such as Human Life International (HLI), The Christian Coalition, and many others corroboration the right of human life. There are several reasons why people who are pro-life do not support abortion. A of import argument is that one is putting to death an unborn baby, murdering an unsuspecting life, in their e nd to have an abortion. They are trying to play God by killing someone. However, they also feel that abortion is a dangerous procedure, and puts the mother at

The Destruction of Female Possession in The English Patient Essay

In Michael Ondaatjes The English Patient we see a reality completely ravaged by war. The land itself is damaged, sometimes beyond identification as it is torn apart by bombs. Just as these human-made structures consent faced the damage of imperialism, so have female bodies in the brisk. Ondaatje creates some(prenominal) parallels between mans attempt to own the land al just about him and his willpower of the female body. As we see in the novel, this attempt at ownership almost always ends in destruction, war, and a great deal, death. What I believe Ondaatje is seek to present to us is the impossibility of owning something that should ultimately be free, such as the female body (or any body, for that matter.) Though some feminist theorists such as Lilijana Burcar have claimed Ondaatjes novel perpetuates the idea of male ownership of female bodies, I believe we see several examples of female empowerment hidden throughout the novel examples of females outwardly re jecting such ownership, as Hanna refuses to be seen as a sexual object by Carravagio, and even changes her display to defeminize herself. We even see gender-roles reverse. The male gaze seems to apply not only to males, but to females as well as Hanna views the sapper, Kip, in a feminized and often sexual way. Most striking of all, however, is Ondaatjes representation of the geek Katharine as an almost voiceless physical body which is undoubtedly have and consumed by Almasys desire. As we see, this ownership leads to what is arguably the biggest destruction in the novel the destruction of both Katharine and Almasy altogether. Before focusing on the most extreme example of male ownership that is Almasys ownership of Katharine, I want to first exa... ...vere gender-divide that is only normally present in same-sex relationships. This along with Hanas appreciation for her own body and sexuality show readers a new type of relationship. In this way, I feel Ondaatjes novel is pr ogressive and reflects several feminist values and ideals, though they are often hidden just below the surface. Works CitedBurcar, Lilijana. Mapping the Womans Body in Ondaatjes The English Patient Postcolonialweb.orgBordo, S. 1993. womens liberation movement, Foucault, and the Politics of the Body. In C. Ramazanoglu, (Ed.) Up Against Foucault. Explorations of some Tensions between Foucault and Feminism. London and New York Routledge.181 -202.Butler, J. 1990. Gender Trouble. Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. London and New York Routledge.Suleri, Sara. The Rhetoric of English India. cabbage University of Chicago Press, 1992.

Indian Community Concerns About Teenage Drinking :: essays papers

Indian Community Concerns About Teenage drunkenness Homelessness, condition of passel who lack regular legal access to accommodate.Homelessness has been acknowledge as a significant social problem in the linkedStates since the early 1980s, when an development in the number of homeless mountainwas caused by a weak economy and cuts in federal aid for housing and incomeassistance. Other periods of increased homelessness also have occurred many timesin history, including during the colonial era. Most other industrialized societies alsohave undergo increases in homeless states in juvenile decades.The number of homeless people in the United States has been an argu competentissue for a while. Advocates for the homeless pick out that there atomic number 18 several millionhomeless people however, recent studies suggest that the homeless number from600,000 to 700,000. Exact numbers ar unfeasible to collect because researchersdefine homelessness in different ways and becau se the homeless atomic number 18 transitory. Thenumber of people predicted to become homeless in any given up year is estimated to bethree to five times the number of people who are homeless at any given moment.The US nosecount Bureau attempted to count homeless people in the 1990 census.However, nearly people consider this attempt as a failure.The homeless population is largely made up of braggy men, but the number ofwomen, children, and younker has steadily increased. This group now comprises morethan 40 percent of the primitive homeless population. Most homeless people are also super poor and separated from their families and other social networks. Aboutone-third of the adult homeless are chronically mentally ill, and about half arealky or abuse drugs. During the 1950s, most homeless people were older, white,alcoholic men associated with the rundown sections of cities known as skid rows.Todays homeless, however, are broadly non-white relatively young, with an averageage i n the middle 30s and include a large number of women and children. Aboutone-third of homeless men are veterans.In addition to the homeless population, even larger numbers are consideredmarginally housed they are in danger of becoming homeless because of want orunavailable housing. About half the nations poor households spend 70 percent ormore of their monthly income on housing, which puts them at put on the line of becominghomeless if faced with an economic problem. Because the number of people animation inpoverty numbers some 37 million, the marginally housed would numerate to nearly 20million people, creating the potential for a vast increase in the size of the homelesspopulation. Those who are housed only because they have been able to stay with

Separate Peace Essay: Self-Examination in A Separate Peace :: Separate Peace Essays

Self-Examination A Separate Peace opens as constituent Forrester returns to Devon School, a New England prep school, about fifteen eld after he was in attendance there. World War II had just begun then and he remembers the Summer Suicide Society--an organization founded by his best friend, Finny, which devotes itself to initiating members by having them jump from the tree into the river. Gene and Finny always had to request the first jump from the tree. As time goes on, Gene begins to resent Finny because of his gymnastic talents and on one occasion, he jounces the limb so that Finny will fall. Finnys degree is shattered, preventing him from playing any sports, but Finny refuses to believe that Gene could have through with(p) this, even though Gene confesses. When Finny returns to school, he wants to develop Gene into a good athlete for the 1944 Olympics. As one of the many examples of opposing elements contrasted with each(prenominal) other, Gene tells Finny that sports are not important because of the war, which Finny refuses to believe. A while later, both(prenominal) boys from the prep school take Gene and Finny to a big congregation style, where they want to clear up the matter of Finnys broken leg. Gene realizes that he is being put on trial, Finny refuses to answer any questions because he trusts his friend, Finny leaves the room agitated, slips on the stairs, and breaks the same leg again. At the hospital, Finny has a changed attitude and asks Gene why he pushed him out of the tree. Gene says the act was a trick impulse. Later that day, Finny dies when some Qi bone marrow gets into his bloodstream. Looking brook on the experience, Gene believes that he was never very interested in the war because he was waging his own personal war between the espousal of the clearly defined prep school values and Finnys laid-back values. He had killed his enemy at school. Knowles book focuses on the adolescent period of life. Adolescence is a very con fusing time of life, primarily because a person fluctuates from absent to be a child and being innocent to wanting to be an adult and questioning life. Knowles emphasizes that both worlds of adolescent and adult life section many similarities and overlap often--they are not separate entities. Even in the green, neatly kept paradise of Devon School, there existed some areas of uncontrolled wilderness.